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CVE-2025-48488· NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

FreeScout Vulnerable to Stored XSS

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 18/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.26% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: freescout-help-desk freescout 1.8.180.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to freescout-help-desk freescout 1.8.180 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

FreeScout is a free self-hosted help desk and shared mailbox. Prior to version 1.8.180, deleting the file .htaccess allows an attacker to upload an HTML file containing malicious JavaScript code to the server, which can result in a Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability. This issue has been patched in version 1.8.180.

MediumCVSS 4.6 · v4.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
May 30, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 16th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

18

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
18 / 40 · 4.6 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
4.6
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-48488

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

One daily email digest (06:00 UTC); connect a webhook for KEV listings and weaponized exploits instantly.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
freescoutfreescout

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • freescout freescoutbefore 1.8.180

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • freescout-help-desk freescout

    • < 1.8.180affected

Same product

freescout: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-27637FreeScout's Predictable Authentication Token Enables Account Takeover
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2026-32754FreeScout: Stored XSS via Unescaped Email Template Rendering ({!! $thread->body !!})
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2024-29185FreeScout OS Command Injection vulnerability
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-27636FreeScout: Missing .htaccess in Restricted File Extensions Allows Remote Code Execution on Apache
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2026-40498FreeScout has Authentication Bypass and Information Disclosure in SystemController via /system/cron
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2026-40496FreeScout has Predictable Attachment Token that Allows Unauthenticated Private File Download via Brute Force
    35Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
freescout-help-desk freescout1.8.180 · descriptionVendor (CNA)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-32754293 days apartFreeScout: Stored XSS via Unescaped Email Template Rendering ({!! $thread->body !!})
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-40497325 days apartFreeScout Vulnerable to CSS Injection via Stored Style Tag in Mailbox Signature (CSRF Token Exfiltration)
    32Monitor
  • CVE-2024-29184434 days apartFreeScout Stored XSS to Privilege Escalation After CSP Bypass
    32Monitor
  • CVE-2025-484830 days apartFreeScout Stored XSS leads to CSRF
    25Monitor
  • CVE-2025-484860 days apartFreeScout Vulnerable to Stored XSS
    24Monitor
  • CVE-2025-484870 days apartFreeScout Vulnerable to Stored XSS
    24Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
P
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-79 · Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Root cause

User content is inserted into the page as HTML. The browser interprets the content as code rather than data.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-79 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

ts
commentEl.innerHTML = comment.body;

Fixed

ts
commentEl.textContent = comment.body;

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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