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NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2025-47779: Using malformed From header can forge identity with ";" or NULL in name portion

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 26/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.53% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • Fixed version: asterisk (Debian:11) 1:16.28.0~dfsg-0+deb11u7; asterisk (Debian:14) 1:22.4.1~dfsg+~cs6.15.60671435-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to asterisk (Debian:11) 1:16.28.0~dfsg-0+deb11u7; asterisk (Debian:14) 1:22.4.1~dfsg+~cs6.15.60671435-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Asterisk is an open-source private branch exchange (PBX). Prior to versions 18.26.2, 20.14.1, 21.9.1, and 22.4.1 of Asterisk and versions 18.9-cert14 and 20.7-cert5 of certified-asterisk, SIP requests of the type MESSAGE (RFC 3428) authentication do not get proper alignment. An authenticated attacker can spoof any user identity to send spam messages to the user with their authorization token. Abuse of this security issue allows authenticated attackers to send fake chat messages can be spoofed to appear to come from trusted entities. Even administrators who follow Security best practices and Security Considerations can be impacted. Therefore, abuse can lead to spam and enable social engineering, phishing and similar attacks. Versions 18.26.2, 20.14.1, 21.9.1, and 22.4.1 of Asterisk and versions 18.9-cert14 and 20.7-cert5 of certified-asterisk fix the issue.

MediumCVSS 6.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
May 22, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.5% · 44th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

26

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
26 / 40 · 6.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.5%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
6.5
CNA · GitHub_M
7.7
1.2 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-47779

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
sangomaasterisk
sangomacertified asterisk

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • sangoma asteriskbefore 18.26.2
  • sangoma asterisk20.0.0 and later · before 20.14.1
  • sangoma asterisk21.0.0 and later · before 21.9.1
  • sangoma asterisk22.0.0 and later · before 22.4.1
  • sangoma certified asteriskbefore 18.9
  • sangoma certified asterisk18.9
  • sangoma certified asterisk20.7

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • asterisk asterisk

    • < 18.9-cert14, >= 18.10, < 18.26.2, >= 20.0, < 20.7-cert5, >= 20.8, < 20.14.1, >= 21.0, < 21.9.1, >= 22.0, < 22.4.1affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:11asteriskbefore 1:16.28.0~dfsg-0+deb11u71:16.28.0~dfsg-0+deb11u7
Debian:14asteriskbefore 1:22.4.1~dfsg+~cs6.15.60671435-11:22.4.1~dfsg+~cs6.15.60671435-1

Same product

sangoma: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2024-57520Insecure Permissions vulnerability in asterisk v22 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the action_createconfig function.
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2026-23741ast_coredumper running as root sources ast_debug_tools.conf from /etc/asterisk; potentially leading to privilege escalation
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2025-57767Asterisk can crash from a specifically malformed Authorization header in an incoming SIP request
    30Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-42491Sep 5, 2024 · A malformed Contact or Record-Route URI in an incoming SIP request can cause Asterisk to crash when res_resolver_unbound is used
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-53566Dec 2, 2024 · An issue in the action_listcategories() function of Sangoma Asterisk v22/22.0.0/22.0.0-rc1/22.0.0-rc2/22.0.0-pre1 allows attackers to execut
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-47780May 22, 2025 · cli_permissions.conf: deny option does not work for disallowing shell commands
    19Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
debian:asterisk1:22.4.1~dfsg+~cs6.15.60671435-1 · Debian:14Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
none
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-140 · Improper Neutralization of Delimiters

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records