NVD / CVE Program· CNA sap

CVE-2025-42999: Insecure Deserialization in SAP NetWeaver (Visual Composer development server)

Noroxi assessment

Priority: This week (action score 70/100)

CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild (May 15, 2025); it is known to be used in ransomware campaigns. Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Jun 5, 2025.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 12.8% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 96.2% of all records.
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window. Until a fix is released, restrict access to the affected component and follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · CISA KEV · FIRST EPSS

SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer Metadata Uploader is vulnerable when a privileged user can upload untrusted or malicious content which, when deserialized, could potentially lead to a compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the host system.

CriticalCVSS 9.1 · v3.1KEVWeaponized No fix recorded

Deserialization

BDU:2025-05676

Published: May 12, 2025
Updated: Aug 11, 2026
EPSS: 12.8% · 96th percentile
CWE: CWE-502

Report tools

JSON

Action score

This week

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window.

CVSS: 36 / 40 · 9.1 / 10
CISA KEV: 30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS: 4 / 30 · 12.8%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: active
Automatable: no
Technical impact: total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: —
CNA · sap: 9.1; NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on May 15, 2025. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Jun 5, 2025.

Known to be used in ransomware campaigns.

Get told when this record changes

In CISA KEV: exploitation in the wild confirmed
Weaponized exploit exists
No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Running WordPress? Scan your site free with WP Lens

Is your version affected? Check it

Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

We use this product, ask for help

Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
sap	netweaver	cpe:2.3:a:sap:netweaver

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

sap netweaver7.5

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (sap). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

SAP_SE SAP NetWeaver (Visual Composer development server)
- VCFRAMEWORK 7.50affected

Same product

sap: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2025-31324Missing Authorization check in SAP NetWeaver (Visual Composer development server)KEV
99Now
CVE-2021-38163SAP NetWeaver (Visual Composer 7.0 RT) versions - 7.30, 7.31, 7.40, 7.50, without restriction, an attacker authenticated as a non-administraKEV
76This week
CVE-2012-2611The DiagTraceR3Info function in the Dialog processor in disp+work.exe 7010.29.15.58313 and 7200.70.18.23869 in the Dispatcher in SAP NetWeav
50Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2024-25644Mar 11, 2024 · Information Disclosure vulnerability in NetWeaver (WSRM)
21Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2024-27898Apr 8, 2024 · Server-Side Request Forgery in SAP NetWeaver
21Monitor
Later →CVE-2025-42968Jul 7, 2025 · Missing Authorization check in SAP NetWeaver (RFC enabled function module)
17Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

PublishedMay 12, 2025
CISA KEVMay 15, 2025+2 d
TodayNov 1, 2026+538 d

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

CVE-2026-23685274 days apartInsecure Deserialization vulnerability in SAP NetWeaver (JMS service)
17Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
Administrator privileges are required.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component (scope changes).

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: High
User interaction: None
Scope: Changed
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-502 · Deserialization of Untrusted Data

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

Data received over the network is deserialized into the language’s native object format without verifying its source. Code paths inside the object can be triggered during deserialization.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-502 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

python

1payload = sock.recv(65536)
2job = pickle.loads(payload)

Fixed

python

1payload = sock.recv(65536)
2if not hmac.compare_digest(sign(payload), header_sig):
3    raise PermissionError("invalid signature")
4job = JobSchema.validate(json.loads(payload))

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

Object InjectionCAPEC-586likelihood: Medium · High

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

me.sap.com/notes/3604119

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records