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NVD / CVE Program· CNA oracle

CVE-2025-30749: Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: 2D).

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 32/100)

  • Public proof-of-concept code exists (GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1.2% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 69.7% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • Fixed version: java-21-openjdk (AlmaLinux:10) 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1; java-21-openjdk-demo (AlmaLinux:10) 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1; java-21-openjdk-demo-fastdebug (AlmaLinux:10) 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to java-21-openjdk (AlmaLinux:10) 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1; java-21-openjdk-demo (AlmaLinux:10) 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1; java-21-openjdk-demo-fastdebug (AlmaLinux:10) 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: 2D). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u451, 8u451-perf, 11.0.27, 17.0.15, 21.0.7, 24.0.1; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.15, 21.0.7 and 24.0.1; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.14. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Note: This vulnerability applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. This vulnerability does not apply to Java deployments, typically in servers, that load and run only trusted code (e.g., code installed by an administrator). CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

HighCVSS 8.1 · v3.1—Proof of concept Fix available
Published
Jul 15, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
1.2% · 69th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

32

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
32 / 40 · 8.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 1.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · oracle
8.1
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • Proof of concept exists, no weaponized module
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-30749

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
oraclejre
oraclejdk
oraclegraalvm for jdk
oraclegraalvm

Using jre? Add it to your stack and be the first to know about CVEs like this one. (Java)

Watch new CVEs for jre

When you'll hear from us

  • when a new CVE affecting this product is published
  • when a record in your stack enters KEV or gets exploit code

One daily email digest (06:00 UTC); connect a webhook for KEV listings and weaponized exploits instantly.

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Running WordPress? Scan your site free with WP Lens

  • Stack alerts: add the products and versions you run, get the new CVEs that affect them
  • Uptime monitoring: 1 site, instant email when it goes down
  • Add your domain: subdomains and takeover risk scanned every week (1 domain)
  • 10 scans an hour on the security tools (3 a day without an account), an API key and MCP
  • All your scans in one panel: findings, what changed in the last scan, a report per domain or per client (PDF, share link)
All free tools

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Free account, no card. Unfollow any time.

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Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • oracle jdk1.8.0
  • oracle jdk11.0.27
  • oracle jdk17.0.15
  • oracle jdk21.0.7
  • oracle jdk24.0.1
  • oracle jre1.8.0
  • oracle jre11.0.27
  • oracle jre17.0.15
  • oracle jre21.0.7
  • oracle jre24.0.1

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (oracle). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Oracle Corporation Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition

    • 21.3.14affected

  • Oracle Corporation Oracle GraalVM for JDK

    • 17.0.15, 21.0.7, 24.0.1affected

  • Oracle Corporation Oracle Java SE

    • 8u451, 8u451-perf, 11.0.27, 17.0.15, 21.0.7, 24.0.1affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdkbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-demobefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-demo-fastdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-demo-slowdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-develbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-devel-fastdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-devel-slowdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-fastdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-headlessbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-headless-fastdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-headless-slowdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-javadocbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-javadoc-zipbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-jmodsbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-jmods-fastdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-jmods-slowdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-slowdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-srcbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-src-fastdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-src-slowdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-static-libsbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-static-libs-fastdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:10java-21-openjdk-static-libs-slowdebugbefore 1:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.11:21.0.8.0.9-1.el10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8java-1.8.0-openjdkbefore 1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el81:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8

+96

Same product

oracle: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2013-2465Unspecified vulnerability in the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) component in Oracle Java SE 7 Update 21 and earlier, 6 Update 45 and earlierKEV
    99Now
  • CVE-2012-0507Unspecified vulnerability in the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) component in Oracle Java SE 7 Update 2 and earlier, 6 Update 30 and earlier,KEV
    98Now
  • CVE-2010-0840Unspecified vulnerability in the Java Runtime Environment component in Oracle Java SE and Java for Business 6 Update 18, 5.0 Update 23, and KEV
    98Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-21587Apr 15, 2025 · Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: JSSE).
    29Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-30698Apr 15, 2025 · Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: 2D).
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-50059Jul 15, 2025 · Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Network
    34Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
almalinux:java-1.8.0-openjdk1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-fastdebug1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility-slowdebug1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-fastdebug1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo-slowdebug1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-fastdebug1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel-slowdebug1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:java-1.8.0-openjdk-fastdebug1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:java-1.8.0-openjdk-headless1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
debian:openjdk-1111.0.28+6-1~deb11u1 · Debian:11Package registry (OSV)
debian:openjdk-1717.0.16+8-1~deb12u1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
debian:openjdk-2121.0.8+9-1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:java-1_8_0-ibm1.8.0_sr8.50-150000.3.104.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:java-1_8_0-openj91.8.0.462-150200.3.57.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:java-1_8_0-openjdk1.8.0.462-150000.3.109.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:java-11-openj911.0.28.0-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:java-11-openjdk11.0.28.0-150000.3.129.2 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:java-17-openj917.0.16.0-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:java-17-openjdk17.0.16.0-150400.3.57.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:java-21-openj921.0.8.0-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:java-21-openjdk21.0.8.0-150600.3.15.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:java-24-openjdk24.0.2.0-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:java-1.8.0-openjdk1:1.8.0.462.b08-1.el7_9 · Red Hat:rhel_els:7Package registry (OSV)
red hat:java-1.8.0-openjdk-accessibility1:1.8.0.462.b08-1.el7_9 · Red Hat:rhel_els:7Package registry (OSV)
red hat:java-1.8.0-openjdk-debuginfo1:1.8.0.462.b08-1.el7_9 · Red Hat:rhel_els:7Package registry (OSV)
red hat:java-1.8.0-openjdk-debugsource1:1.8.0.462.b08-2.el8 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstreamPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:java-1.8.0-openjdk-demo1:1.8.0.462.b08-1.el7_9 · Red Hat:rhel_els:7Package registry (OSV)

+19

Exploit status

Proof of concept available

A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.

Evidence

  • Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
SourceKindDate
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02025-11-23

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Published
  2. First PoC+130 d
  3. TodayOct 29, 2026+471 d
EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records