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NVD / CVE Program· CNA mitre

CVE-2025-28197: Crawl4AI <=0.4.247 is vulnerable to SSRF in /crawl4ai/async_dispatcher.py.

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 36/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.37% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

CriticalCVSS 9.1 · v3.1—No exploit No fix recorded
Published
Apr 18, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.3% · 31th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

36

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
36 / 40 · 9.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-28197

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
kidocodecrawl4ai

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • kidocode crawl4aiup to 0.4.247 inclusive

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
PyPIcrawl4aiup to and including 0.4.247—

Same product

kidocode: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-26216Crawl4AI < 0.8.0 Docker API Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via Hooks Parameter
    42Plan
  • CVE-2026-53753Crawl4AI: AST Sandbox Escape via gi_frame.f_back Chain - Pre-Auth RCE in Docker API
    41Plan
  • CVE-2026-57572Crawl4AI: Unauthenticated RCE via Chromium launch-argument injection in browser_config.extra_args
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • Later →CVE-2026-26217Feb 12, 2026 · Crawl4AI < 0.8.0 Docker API Local File Inclusion via file URL Handling
    37Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-56265Jun 21, 2026 · Crawl4AI - Authentication Bypass via Hardcoded JWT Signing Key
    38Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2026-56266Jun 22, 2026 · Crawl4AI - Server-Side Request Forgery via Direct Crawl Endpoints
    36Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-56266430 days apartCrawl4AI - Server-Side Request Forgery via Direct Crawl Endpoints
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2026-56261448 days apartCrawl4AI - Server-Side Request Forgery via Webhook URLs
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2026-57573444 days apartCrawl4AI unauthenticated SSRF in Docker streaming crawl endpoint
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2026-53754431 days apartCrawl4AI: SSRF filter bypass in Docker server via IPv6 transition forms (NAT64 / 6to4 / unspecified / v4-mapped)
    30Monitor
  • CVE-2026-53755431 days apartCrawl4AI: SSRF via proxy settings in the Docker server bypasses the crawl-URL SSRF check
    30Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
none
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-918 · Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records