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NVD / CVE Program· CNA imaginationtech

CVE-2025-25180: GPU DDK - Insufficient validation in RGXCREATEFREELIST creates corrupt freelist

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit No fix recorded

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.15% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Software installed and run as a non-privileged user may conduct improper GPU system calls to subvert GPU HW to write to arbitrary physical memory pages. Under certain circumstances this exploit could be used to corrupt data pages not allocated by the GPU driver but memory pages in use by the kernel and drivers running on the platform altering their behaviour.

Published
Jul 13, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 4th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-25180

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

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Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (imaginationtech). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Imagination Technologies Graphics DDK

    • 25.1 RTM1not affected
    • 1.15 RTM, 1.17 RTM, 1.18 RTMaffected
    • 23.2 RTM and later · up to and including 24.3 RTM1affected

Same product

imagination technologies: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-74912GPU DDK - Fix for CVE-2026-49746 prevents the mapping of graphics buffers > 4GB
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2026-41157GPU DDK - OOB Write in CalculateNPOTTwiddleSparsePageMap3D
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2025-6573GPU DDK - RGXFW_CTL.pui8FWScratchBuf Leak/Overwrite
    39Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-47893May 16, 2025 · GPU DDK - OOB read and write of the shared KMD/FW memory heap (VZ/TEE setups)
    26Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-1706May 16, 2025 · GPU DDK - Improper locking when accessing the pvr_exp_fence object
    30Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-8109Aug 4, 2025 · GPU DDK - GPU shader shared memory corrupted using ptrace to disrupt GPU operation
    35Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-74912474 days apartGPU DDK - Fix for CVE-2026-49746 prevents the mapping of graphics buffers > 4GB
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2026-74915474 days apartGPU DDK - OOB write in UntwiddlePOTSquare64bpp
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2024-52939141 days apartGPU DDK - RGXFWIF_HWPERF_CTL_BLK.uiNumCounters OOB write
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2024-47900163 days apartGPU DDK - Multiple integer overflow in DmaTransfer PMR_DevPhysAddr functions leading to OOB writes
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2024-52938181 days apartGPU DDK - rgxfw_pm_add_freelist_for_reconstruction OOB write
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2026-45199404 days apartGPU DDK - rgxfw_to_ptr() does not reject FW private data pointers
    31Monitor

Not on record for this CVE: EPSS history · patch commit or PR link · researcher credit · public bounty program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-823 · Use of Out-of-range Pointer Offset

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records