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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Hitachi

CVE-2025-2514: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts vulnerability in Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 21/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.30% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • Fixed version: Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform E390, E590, E790, E990, E1090, E390H, E590H, E790H, E1090H DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00, DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00, DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00; Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform G130, G150, G350, G370, G700, G900, F350, F370, F700, F900 DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00, DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00, DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00; Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform One Block 23, One Block 24, One Block 26, One Block 28 DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00, DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00, DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform E390, E590, E790, E990, E1090, E390H, E590H, E790H, E1090H DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00, DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00, DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00; Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform G130, G150, G350, G370, G700, G900, F350, F370, F700, F900 DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00, DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00, DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00; Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform One Block 23, One Block 24, One Block 26, One Block 28 DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00, DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00, DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Improper restriction of excessive authentication attempts vulnerability in Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform G130, G150, G350, G370, G700, G900, F350, F370, F700, F900, Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform E390, E590, E790, E990, E1090, E390H, E590H, E790H, E1090H, Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform One Block 23, One Block 24, One Block 26, One Block 28. This issue affects Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform G130, G150, G350, G370, G700, G900, F350, F370, F700, F900, Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform E390, E590, E790, E990, E1090, E390H, E590H, E790H, E1090H, Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform One Block 23, One Block 24, One Block 26, One Block 28  : before DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00, before DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00, before DKCMAIN Ver A3-04-02-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-04-02/00, before DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-41-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-41/00, before DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00.

MediumCVSS 5.3 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
May 7, 2026
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.3% · 22th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

21

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
21 / 40 · 5.3 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · Hitachi
5.3
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-2514

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
hitachivsp e1090h firmware
hitachivsp e1090h
hitachivsp e790h firmware
hitachivsp e790h
hitachivsp e590h firmware
hitachivsp e590h
hitachivsp e390h firmware
hitachivsp e390h
hitachivsp e1090 firmware
hitachivsp e1090
hitachivsp e990 firmware
hitachivsp e990

and 27 more

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • hitachi virtual storage one block23
  • hitachi virtual storage one block24
  • hitachi virtual storage one block26
  • hitachi virtual storage one block28
  • hitachi vsp e1090 firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp e1090h firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp e390 firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp e390h firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp e590 firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp e590h firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp e790 firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp e790h firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp e990 firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp f350 firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp f370 firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp f700 firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp f900 firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp g130 firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp g150 firmwareall versions
  • hitachi vsp g350 firmwareall versions

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Hitachi). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform E390, E590, E790, E990, E1090, E390H, E590H, E790H, E1090H

    • before DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00
    • before DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00
    • before DKCMAIN Ver A3-04-02-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-04-02/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver A3-04-02-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-04-02/00
    • before DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-41-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-41/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-41-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-41/00
    • before DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00

  • Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform G130, G150, G350, G370, G700, G900, F350, F370, F700, F900

    • before DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00
    • before DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00
    • before DKCMAIN Ver A3-04-02-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-04-02/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver A3-04-02-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-04-02/00
    • before DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-41-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-41/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-41-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-41/00
    • before DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00

  • Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform One Block 23, One Block 24, One Block 26, One Block 28

    • before DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00
    • before DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00
    • before DKCMAIN Ver A3-04-02-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-04-02/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver A3-04-02-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-04-02/00
    • before DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-41-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-41/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-41-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-41/00
    • before DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00affectedfixed in DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform E390, E590, E790, E990, E1090, E390H, E590H, E790H, E1090HDKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform E390, E590, E790, E990, E1090, E390H, E590H, E790H, E1090HDKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform E390, E590, E790, E990, E1090, E390H, E590H, E790H, E1090HDKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform E390, E590, E790, E990, E1090, E390H, E590H, E790H, E1090HDKCMAIN Ver A3-03-41-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-41/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform E390, E590, E790, E990, E1090, E390H, E590H, E790H, E1090HDKCMAIN Ver A3-04-02-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-04-02/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform G130, G150, G350, G370, G700, G900, F350, F370, F700, F900DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform G130, G150, G350, G370, G700, G900, F350, F370, F700, F900DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform G130, G150, G350, G370, G700, G900, F350, F370, F700, F900DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform G130, G150, G350, G370, G700, G900, F350, F370, F700, F900DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-41-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-41/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform G130, G150, G350, G370, G700, G900, F350, F370, F700, F900DKCMAIN Ver A3-04-02-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-04-02/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform One Block 23, One Block 24, One Block 26, One Block 28DKCMAIN Ver 88-08-16-xx/00, GUM Ver. 88-08-20/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform One Block 23, One Block 24, One Block 26, One Block 28DKCMAIN Ver 93-07-26-xx/00, GUM Ver. 93-07-26/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform One Block 23, One Block 24, One Block 26, One Block 28DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-03-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-02/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform One Block 23, One Block 24, One Block 26, One Block 28DKCMAIN Ver A3-03-41-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-03-41/00Vendor (CNA)
Hitachi Hitachi Virtual Storage Platform One Block 23, One Block 24, One Block 26, One Block 28DKCMAIN Ver A3-04-02-xx/00, EMS Ver. A3-04-02/00Vendor (CNA)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
low · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
none
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
Low
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-307 · Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records