NVD / CVE Program· CNA hackerone

CVE-2025-24294: The attack vector is a potential Denial of Service (DoS).

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 30/100)

The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.65% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 51.5% of all records.
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
Fixed version: azl3 ruby 3.3.5-5 on Azure Linux 3.0 3.3.5-5; cbl2 ruby 3.1.7-2 on CBL Mariner 2.0 3.1.7-3; cbl2 ruby 3.1.7-3 on CBL Mariner 2.0 3.1.7-3.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to azl3 ruby 3.3.5-5 on Azure Linux 3.0 3.3.5-5; cbl2 ruby 3.1.7-2 on CBL Mariner 2.0 3.1.7-3; cbl2 ruby 3.1.7-3 on CBL Mariner 2.0 3.1.7-3 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

The attack vector is a potential Denial of Service (DoS). The vulnerability is caused by an insufficient check on the length of a decompressed domain name within a DNS packet. An attacker can craft a malicious DNS packet containing a highly compressed domain name. When the resolv library parses such a packet, the name decompression process consumes a large amount of CPU resources, as the library does not limit the resulting length of the name. This resource consumption can cause the application thread to become unresponsive, resulting in a Denial of Service condition.

HighCVSS 7.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Published: Jul 12, 2025
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 0.6% · 51th percentile
CWE: CWE-400

Report tools

JSON

Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 30 / 40 · 7.5 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

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No public exploit code on record
A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

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Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (hackerone). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

Ruby resolv
- 0.2 and later · up to and including 0.2.2affected
- 0.3.0 and later · up to and including 0.3.0affected
- 0.6 and later · up to and including 0.6.1affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
AlmaLinux:10	ruby-default-gems	before 3.3.10-11.el10_1	3.3.10-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10	ruby-doc	before 3.3.10-11.el10_1	3.3.10-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10	rubygem-bundler	before 2.5.22-11.el10_1	2.5.22-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10	rubygem-irb	before 1.13.1-11.el10_1	1.13.1-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10	rubygem-minitest	before 5.20.0-11.el10_1	5.20.0-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10	rubygem-power_assert	before 2.0.3-11.el10_1	2.0.3-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10	rubygem-rake	before 13.1.0-11.el10_1	13.1.0-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10	rubygem-rdoc	before 6.6.3.1-11.el10_1	6.6.3.1-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10	rubygem-rexml	before 3.4.4-11.el10_1	3.4.4-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10	rubygem-rss	before 0.3.1-11.el10_1	0.3.1-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10	rubygem-test-unit	before 3.6.1-11.el10_1	3.6.1-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10	rubygem-typeprof	before 0.21.9-11.el10_1	0.21.9-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10	rubygems	before 3.5.22-11.el10_1	3.5.22-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10	rubygems-devel	before 3.5.22-11.el10_1	3.5.22-11.el10_1
AlmaLinux:8	ruby	before 3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1	3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1
AlmaLinux:8	ruby-bundled-gems	before 3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1	3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1
AlmaLinux:8	ruby-default-gems	before 3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1	3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1
AlmaLinux:8	ruby-devel	before 3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1	3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1
AlmaLinux:8	ruby-doc	before 3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1	3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1
AlmaLinux:8	ruby-libs	before 3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1	3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1
AlmaLinux:8	rubygem-abrt	before 0.4.0-1.module_el8.10.0+3799+191214cc	0.4.0-1.module_el8.10.0+3799+191214cc
AlmaLinux:8	rubygem-abrt-doc	before 0.4.0-1.module_el8.10.0+3799+191214cc	0.4.0-1.module_el8.10.0+3799+191214cc
AlmaLinux:8	rubygem-bigdecimal	before 3.1.5-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1	3.1.5-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1
AlmaLinux:8	rubygem-bundler	before 2.5.22-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1	2.5.22-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1

+96

Same product

ruby: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2026-80212An issue was discovered in the resolv gem before 0.7.2 for Ruby.
30Monitor
CVE-2026-80213An issue was discovered in the resolv gem before 0.7.2 for Ruby.
16Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
azl3 ruby 3.3.5-5 on Azure Linux 3.0	3.3.5-5 · CBL-Mariner Releases	Microsoft (MSRC)
cbl2 ruby 3.1.7-2 on CBL Mariner 2.0	3.1.7-3 · CBL-Mariner Releases	Microsoft (MSRC)
cbl2 ruby 3.1.7-3 on CBL Mariner 2.0	3.1.7-3 · CBL-Mariner Releases	Microsoft (MSRC)
almalinux:ruby	3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1 · AlmaLinux:8	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:ruby-bundled-gems	3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1 · AlmaLinux:8	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:ruby-default-gems	3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1 · AlmaLinux:8	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:ruby-devel	3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1 · AlmaLinux:8	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:ruby-doc	3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1 · AlmaLinux:8	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:ruby-libs	3.3.10-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1 · AlmaLinux:8	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:rubygem-abrt	0.4.0-1.module_el8.10.0+3799+191214cc · AlmaLinux:8	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:rubygem-abrt-doc	0.4.0-1.module_el8.10.0+3799+191214cc · AlmaLinux:8	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:rubygem-bigdecimal	3.1.5-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1 · AlmaLinux:8	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:rubygem-bundler	2.5.22-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1 · AlmaLinux:8	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:rubygem-io-console	0.7.1-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1 · AlmaLinux:8	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:rubygem-irb	1.13.1-5.module_el8.10.0+4075+e5f6dad1 · AlmaLinux:8	Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:ruby2.5	2.5.9-150000.4.54.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:ruby	0:3.3.10-5.module+el8.10.0+23696+c42b0f57 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:ruby-bundled-gems	0:3.3.10-5.module+el8.10.0+23696+c42b0f57 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:ruby-bundled-gems-debuginfo	0:3.3.10-5.module+el8.10.0+23696+c42b0f57 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:ruby-debuginfo	0:3.3.10-5.module+el8.10.0+23696+c42b0f57 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:ruby-debugsource	0:3.3.10-5.module+el8.10.0+23696+c42b0f57 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:ruby-default-gems	0:3.3.10-5.module+el8.10.0+23696+c42b0f57 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:ruby-devel	0:3.3.10-5.module+el8.10.0+23696+c42b0f57 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:ruby-doc	0:3.3.10-5.module+el8.10.0+23696+c42b0f57 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:ruby-libs	0:3.3.10-5.module+el8.10.0+23696+c42b0f57 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:ruby-libs-debuginfo	0:3.3.10-5.module+el8.10.0+23696+c42b0f57 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rubygem-abrt	0:0.4.0-1.module+el8.10.0+21226+b78a28c4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rubygem-abrt-doc	0:0.4.0-1.module+el8.10.0+21226+b78a28c4 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream	Package registry (OSV)
rocky linux:ruby	0:3.3.10-5.module+el8.10.0+40038+e29e4152 · Rocky Linux:8	Package registry (OSV)
rocky linux:rubygem-abrt	0:0.4.0-1.module+el8.10.0+1827+16ecb9d2 · Rocky Linux:8	Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

RubyHackerOne · paid

The product’s vendor appears in a public program. Matched by name; verify the scope text in the program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
No account or password is required.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: none
Integrity: none
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: None
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: None
Integrity impact: None
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-400 · Uncontrolled Resource Consumption

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

Code that parses nested structures sets no depth or size limit. A small input can turn into a disproportionate processing load.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-400 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1function expand(node) {
2  return node.children.map(expand);
3}

Fixed

1const MAX_DEPTH = 32;
2function expand(node, depth = 0) {
3  if (depth > MAX_DEPTH) throw new Error("too deep");
4  return node.children.map((c) => expand(c, depth + 1));
5}

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

Endpoint Denial of ServiceT1499

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 28, 2026, 10:08 PM UTC

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

www.ruby-lang.org/en/news/2025/07/08/dos-resolv-cve-2025-24294/

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records