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NVD / CVE Program· CNA nvidia

CVE-2025-23359: NVIDIA Container Toolkit for Linux contains a Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) vulnerability when used with default configuration, where a

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 33/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 3.6% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 89.6% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • Fixed version: azl3 nvidia-container-toolkit 1.17.3-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 1.17.4-1; azl3 nvidia-container-toolkit 1.17.4-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 1.17.4-1; cbl2 nvidia-container-toolkit 1.17.3-1 on CBL Mariner 2.0 1.17.4-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to azl3 nvidia-container-toolkit 1.17.3-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 1.17.4-1; azl3 nvidia-container-toolkit 1.17.4-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 1.17.4-1; cbl2 nvidia-container-toolkit 1.17.3-1 on CBL Mariner 2.0 1.17.4-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

NVIDIA Container Toolkit for Linux contains a Time-of-Check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) vulnerability when used with default configuration, where a crafted container image could gain access to the host file system. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.

HighCVSS 8.1 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Feb 11, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
3.6% · 89th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

33

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
32 / 40 · 8.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
1 / 30 · 3.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
proof of concept
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
8.1
CNA · nvidia
8.3
0.2 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-23359

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
nvidianvidia container toolkit
nvidianvidia gpu operator
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • nvidia nvidia container toolkitbefore 1.17.4
  • nvidia nvidia gpu operatorbefore 24.9.2

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (nvidia). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • NVIDIA Container Toolkit

    • All versions up to and including 1.17.3affected

  • NVIDIA GPU Operator

    • All versions up to and including 24.9.1affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
openSUSE:Leap 15.6nvidia-container-toolkitbefore 1.18.0-150200.5.17.11.18.0-150200.5.17.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Containers 15 SP6nvidia-container-toolkitbefore 1.18.0-150200.5.17.11.18.0-150200.5.17.1

Same product

nvidia: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2024-0132NVIDIA Container Toolkit 1.16.1 or earlier contains a Time-of-check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) vulnerability when used with default configuration
    45Plan
  • CVE-2024-0136NVIDIA Container Toolkit contains an improper isolation vulnerability where a specially crafted container image could lead to untrusted code
    33Monitor
  • CVE-2024-0135NVIDIA Container Toolkit contains an improper isolation vulnerability where a specially crafted container image could lead to modification o
    30Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-0133Sep 26, 2024 · NVIDIA Container Toolkit 1.16.1 or earlier contains a vulnerability in the default mode of operation allowing a specially crafted container
    13Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-0134Nov 5, 2024 · NVIDIA Container Toolkit and NVIDIA GPU Operator for Linux contain a UNIX vulnerability where a specially crafted container image can lead t
    16Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-0137Jan 27, 2025 · NVIDIA Container Toolkit contains an improper isolation vulnerability where a specially crafted container image could lead to untrusted code
    26Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
azl3 nvidia-container-toolkit 1.17.3-1 on Azure Linux 3.01.17.4-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 nvidia-container-toolkit 1.17.4-1 on Azure Linux 3.01.17.4-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 nvidia-container-toolkit 1.17.3-1 on CBL Mariner 2.01.17.4-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 nvidia-container-toolkit 1.17.3-1 on CBL-Mariner 2.01.17.4-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 nvidia-container-toolkit 1.17.4-1 on CBL Mariner 2.01.17.4-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
opensuse:nvidia-container-toolkit1.18.0-150200.5.17.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
suse:nvidia-container-toolkit1.18.0-150200.5.17.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Containers 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2024-0132138 days apartNVIDIA Container Toolkit 1.16.1 or earlier contains a Time-of-check Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) vulnerability when used with default configuration
    45Plan
  • CVE-2024-0133138 days apartNVIDIA Container Toolkit 1.16.1 or earlier contains a vulnerability in the default mode of operation allowing a specially crafted container
    13Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

The product’s vendor appears in a public program. Matched by name; verify the scope text in the program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-367 · Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records