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NVD / CVE Program· CNA hackerone

CVE-2025-23085: A memory leak could occur when a remote peer abruptly closes the socket without sending a GOAWAY notification.

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 21/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1.3% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 72.1% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • Fixed version: NodeJS Node 10.*, 11.*, 12.*; azl3 nodejs 20.14.0-5 on Azure Linux 3.0 20.14.0-5; azl3 nodejs 20.14.0-8 on Azure Linux 3.0 20.14.0-5.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to NodeJS Node 10.*, 11.*, 12.*; azl3 nodejs 20.14.0-5 on Azure Linux 3.0 20.14.0-5; azl3 nodejs 20.14.0-8 on Azure Linux 3.0 20.14.0-5 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

A memory leak could occur when a remote peer abruptly closes the socket without sending a GOAWAY notification. Additionally, if an invalid header was detected by nghttp2, causing the connection to be terminated by the peer, the same leak was triggered. This flaw could lead to increased memory consumption and potential denial of service under certain conditions. This vulnerability affects HTTP/2 Server users on Node.js v18.x, v20.x, v22.x and v23.x.

MediumCVSS 5.3 · v3.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
Feb 7, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
1.3% · 72th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

21

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
21 / 40 · 5.3 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 1.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · hackerone
5.3
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

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  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Using node? Add it to your stack and be the first to know about CVEs like this one. (Node.js)

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When you'll hear from us

  • when a new CVE affecting this product is published
  • when a record in your stack enters KEV or gets exploit code

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  • Stack alerts: add the products and versions you run, get the new CVEs that affect them
  • Uptime monitoring: 1 site, instant email when it goes down
  • Add your domain: subdomains and takeover risk scanned every week (1 domain)
  • 10 scans an hour on the security tools (3 a day without an account), an API key and MCP
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Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (hackerone). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • NodeJS Node

    • 4.0 and later · before 4.*affected · semver
    • 5.0 and later · before 5.*affected · semver
    • 6.0 and later · before 6.*affected · semver
    • 7.0 and later · before 7.*affected · semver
    • 8.0 and later · before 8.*affected · semver
    • 9.0 and later · before 9.*affected · semver
    • 10.0 and later · before 10.*affected · semver
    • 11.0 and later · before 11.*affected · semver
    • 12.0 and later · before 12.*affected · semver
    • 13.0 and later · before 13.*affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:8nodejsbefore 1:22.13.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e571:22.13.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e57
AlmaLinux:8nodejsbefore 1:20.18.2-1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a64671:20.18.2-1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a6467
AlmaLinux:8nodejsbefore 1:18.20.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3960+fcfbf6831:18.20.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3960+fcfbf683
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-develbefore 1:20.18.2-1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a64671:20.18.2-1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a6467
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-develbefore 1:18.20.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3960+fcfbf6831:18.20.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3960+fcfbf683
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-develbefore 1:22.13.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e571:22.13.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e57
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-docsbefore 1:18.20.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3960+fcfbf6831:18.20.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3960+fcfbf683
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-docsbefore 1:22.13.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e571:22.13.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e57
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-docsbefore 1:20.18.2-1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a64671:20.18.2-1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a6467
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-full-i18nbefore 1:20.18.2-1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a64671:20.18.2-1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a6467
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-full-i18nbefore 1:18.20.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3960+fcfbf6831:18.20.6-1.module_el8.10.0+3960+fcfbf683
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-full-i18nbefore 1:22.13.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e571:22.13.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e57
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-libsbefore 1:22.13.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e571:22.13.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e57
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-nodemonbefore 3.0.1-1.module_el8.8.0+3613+1ed8c91d3.0.1-1.module_el8.8.0+3613+1ed8c91d
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-packagingbefore 2021.06-4.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e572021.06-4.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e57
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-packagingbefore 2021.06-4.module_el8.7.0+3343+ea2b79012021.06-4.module_el8.7.0+3343+ea2b7901
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-packaging-bundlerbefore 2021.06-4.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e572021.06-4.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e57
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-packaging-bundlerbefore 2021.06-4.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a64672021.06-4.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a6467
AlmaLinux:8npmbefore 1:10.8.2-1.18.20.6.1.module_el8.10.0+3960+fcfbf6831:10.8.2-1.18.20.6.1.module_el8.10.0+3960+fcfbf683
AlmaLinux:8npmbefore 1:10.8.2-1.20.18.2.1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a64671:10.8.2-1.20.18.2.1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a6467
AlmaLinux:8npmbefore 1:10.9.2-1.22.13.1.1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e571:10.9.2-1.22.13.1.1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e57
AlmaLinux:8v8-12.4-develbefore 3:12.4.254.21-1.22.13.1.1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e573:12.4.254.21-1.22.13.1.1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e57
AlmaLinux:9nodejsbefore 1:18.20.6-1.module_el9.5.0+136+92f38f3c1:18.20.6-1.module_el9.5.0+136+92f38f3c
AlmaLinux:9nodejsbefore 1:22.13.1-1.module_el9.5.0+139+092964911:22.13.1-1.module_el9.5.0+139+09296491

+96

Same product

nodejs: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2024-27983An attacker can make the Node.js HTTP/2 server completely unavailable by sending a small amount of HTTP/2 frames packets with a few HTTP/2 f
    58Plan
  • CVE-2025-27210An incomplete fix has been identified for CVE-2025-23084 in Node.js, specifically affecting Windows device names like CON, PRN, and AUX.
    34Monitor
  • CVE-2024-27980Due to the improper handling of batch files in child_process.spawn / child_process.spawnSync, a malicious command line argument can inject a
    32Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-37372Jan 8, 2025 · The Permission Model assumes that any path starting with two backslashes \ has a four-character prefix that can be ignored, which is not alw
    14Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-23083Jan 21, 2025 · With the aid of the diagnostics_channel utility, an event can be hooked into whenever a worker thread is created.
    30Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-23165May 18, 2025 · In Node.js, the `ReadFileUtf8` internal binding leaks memory due to a corrupted pointer in `uv_fs_s.file`: a UTF-16 path buffer is allocated
    14Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
NodeJS Node10.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node11.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node12.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node13.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node14.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node15.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node16.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node17.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node18.20.6Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node19.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node20.18.2Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node21.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node22.13.1Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node23.6.1Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node4.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node5.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node6.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node7.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node8.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node9.*Vendor (CNA)
azl3 nodejs 20.14.0-5 on Azure Linux 3.020.14.0-5 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 nodejs 20.14.0-8 on Azure Linux 3.020.14.0-5 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 nodejs18 18.20.3-3 on CBL Mariner 2.018.20.3-3 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 nodejs18 18.20.3-6 on CBL Mariner 2.018.20.3-3 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 nodejs18 18.20.3-6 on CBL-Mariner 2.018.20.3-3 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
almalinux:nodejs1:20.18.2-1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a6467 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-devel1:20.18.2-1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a6467 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-docs1:20.18.2-1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a6467 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-full-i18n1:20.18.2-1.module_el8.10.0+3958+472a6467 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-libs1:22.13.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3961+6a788e57 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)

+31

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2025-23165100 days apartIn Node.js, the `ReadFileUtf8` internal binding leaks memory due to a corrupted pointer in `uv_fs_s.file`: a UTF-16 path buffer is allocated
    14Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

The product’s vendor appears in a public program. Matched by name; verify the scope text in the program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
low · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
Low

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-401 · Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records