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NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2025-23025: Privilege escalation (PR) through realtime WYSIWYG editing in XWiki

HighCVSS 8.0 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 32/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.42% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. A user must open a link or visit a page. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui (Maven) 15.10.12, 16.4.1, 16.6.0-rc-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui (Maven) 15.10.12, 16.4.1, 16.6.0-rc-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

XWiki Platform is a generic wiki platform offering runtime services for applications built on top of it. NOTE: The Realtime WYSIWYG Editor extension was **experimental**, and thus **not recommended**, in the versions affected by this vulnerability. It has become enabled by default, and thus recommended, starting with XWiki 16.9.0. A user with only **edit right** can join a realtime editing session where others, that where already there or that may join later, have **script** or **programming** access rights. This user can then insert **script rendering macros** that are executed for those users in the realtime session that have script or programming rights. The inserted scripts can be used to gain more access rights. This vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 15.10.2, 16.4.1 and 16.6.0-rc-1. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade may either disable the realtime WYSIWYG editing by disabling the ``xwiki-realtime`` CKEditor plugin from the WYSIWYG editor administration section or uninstall the Realtime WYSIWYG Editorextension (org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui).

Published
Jan 14, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.4% · 37th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

32

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
32 / 40 · 8.0 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.4%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
8.0
CNA · GitHub_M
9.1
1.1 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-23025

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
xwikixwiki

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • xwiki xwiki-platform

    • >= 13.9-rc-1, < 15.10.12, >= 16.0.0, < 16.4.1, >= 16.5.0, < 16.6.0-rc-1affected

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • xwiki xwiki13.9 and later · before 15.10.12
  • xwiki xwiki16.0.0 and later · before 16.4.1
  • xwiki xwiki16.5.0

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Mavenorg.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-uifrom 13.9-rc-1 · before 15.10.1215.10.12
Mavenorg.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-uifrom 16.0.0-rc-1 · before 16.4.116.4.1
Mavenorg.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-uifrom 16.5.0-rc-1 · before 16.6.0-rc-116.6.0-rc-1

Same product

xwiki: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-24893Remote code execution as guest via SolrSearchMacros request in xwikiKEV
    99Now
  • CVE-2024-21650XWiki Remote Code Execution vulnerability via user registration
    67This week
  • CVE-2023-46731Remote code execution through the section parameter in Administration as guest in XWiki Platform
    66This week

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-55877Dec 12, 2024 · XWiki allows remote code execution from account through macro descriptions and XWiki.XWikiSyntaxMacrosList
    35Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-55879Dec 12, 2024 · XWiki allows RCE from script right in configurable sections
    35Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-29924Mar 19, 2025 · XWiki uses the wrong wiki reference in AuthorizationManager
    34Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Maven:org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui15.10.12Package registry (OSV)
Maven:org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui16.4.1Package registry (OSV)
Maven:org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-realtime-wysiwyg-ui16.6.0-rc-1Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2024-31997279 days apartXWiki Platform remote code execution from account through UIExtension parameters
    57Plan
  • CVE-2025-32973106 days apartorg.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-component-wiki provides no warning when granting XWiki.ComponentClass programming right
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2024-5587933 days apartXWiki allows RCE from script right in configurable sections
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2024-31981279 days apartXWiki Platform: Privilege escalation (PR) from user registration through PDFClass
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2024-31983279 days apartXWiki Platform: Remote code execution from edit in multilingual wikis via translations
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2024-31987279 days apartXWiki Platform remote code execution from account via custom skins support
    35Monitor

Not on record for this CVE: EPSS history · patch commit or PR link · researcher credit · public bounty program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-862 · Missing Authorization

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

References

Show all references (3 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records