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CVE-2025-22015· NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

mm/migrate: fix shmem xarray update during migration

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/migrate: fix shmem xarray update during migration A shmem folio can be either in page cache or in swap cache, but not at the same time. Namely, once it is in swap cache, folio->mapping should be NULL, and the folio is no longer in a shmem mapping. In __folio_migrate_mapping(), to determine the number of xarray entries to update, folio_test_swapbacked() is used, but that conflates shmem in page cache case and shmem in swap cache case. It leads to xarray multi-index entry corruption, since it turns a sibling entry to a normal entry during xas_store() (see [1] for a userspace reproduction). Fix it by only using folio_test_swapcache() to determine whether xarray is storing swap cache entries or not to choose the right number of xarray entries to update. [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-mm/Z8idPCkaJW1IChjT@casper.infradead.org/ Note: In __split_huge_page(), folio_test_anon() && folio_test_swapcache() is used to get swap_cache address space, but that ignores the shmem folio in swap cache case. It could lead to NULL pointer dereferencing when a in-swap-cache shmem folio is split at __xa_store(), since !folio_test_anon() is true and folio->mapping is NULL. But fortunately, its caller split_huge_page_to_list_to_order() bails out early with EBUSY when folio->mapping is NULL. So no need to take care of it here.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Apr 8, 2025
Updated
Sep 8, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 10th percentile
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Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
5.5
CNA · Linux
7.8
2.3 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel6.1.71 and later · before 6.1.132
  • linux linux kernel6.6.10 and later · before 6.6.85
  • linux linux kernel6.7.1 and later · before 6.12.21
  • linux linux kernel6.13 and later · before 6.13.9
  • linux linux kernel6.14
  • linux linux kernel6.7

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 6.7affected
    • be72d197b2281e2ee3f28017fc9be1ab17e26d16 and later · before 49100c0b070e900f87c8fac3be9b9ef8a30fa673affected · git
    • 07550b1461d4d0499165e7d6f7718cfd0e440427 and later · before 29124ae980e2860f0eec7355949d3d3292ee81daaffected · git
    • fc346d0a70a13d52fe1c4bc49516d83a42cd7c4c and later · before c057ee03f751d6cecf7ee64f52f6545d94082aaaaffected · git
    • fc346d0a70a13d52fe1c4bc49516d83a42cd7c4c and later · before 75cfb92eb63298d717b6b0118f91ba12c4fcfeb5affected · git
    • fc346d0a70a13d52fe1c4bc49516d83a42cd7c4c and later · before 60cf233b585cdf1f3c5e52d1225606b86acd08b0affected · git
    • 6.1.71 and later · before 6.1.132affected · semver
    • 6.6.10 and later · before 6.6.85affected · semver
    • before 6.7not affected · semver
    • 6.1.132 and later · up to and including 6.1.*not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.133-16.1.133-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.12.21-16.12.21-1

Same product

linux: all records

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  • CVE-2016-5195Race condition in mm/gup.c in the Linux kernel 2.x through 4.x before 4.8.3 allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging incorrect haKEV
    83Now
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    77This week
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    77This week
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    77This week

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux29124ae980e2860f0eec7355949d3d3292ee81daVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux49100c0b070e900f87c8fac3be9b9ef8a30fa673Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.1.132Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6.6.85Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux60cf233b585cdf1f3c5e52d1225606b86acd08b0Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux75cfb92eb63298d717b6b0118f91ba12c4fcfeb5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxc057ee03f751d6cecf7ee64f52f6545d94082aaaVendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.133-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-476 · NULL Pointer Dereference

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

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Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records