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NVD / CVE Program· CNA brocade

CVE-2025-1976: Code injection exposure in Fabric OS 9.1.0 through 9.1.1d6

Noroxi assessment

Priority: This week (action score 64/100)

  • CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild (Apr 28, 2025). Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: May 19, 2025.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.69% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 53% of all records.
  • Someone on the same network segment can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window. Until a fix is released, restrict access to the affected component and follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · CISA KEV · FIRST EPSS

Brocade Fabric OS versions starting with 9.1.0 have root access removed, however, a local user with admin privilege can potentially execute arbitrary code with full root privileges on Fabric OS versions 9.1.0 through 9.1.1d6.

HighCVSS 8.6 · v4.0KEVWeaponized No fix recorded
Published
Apr 23, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.6% · 53th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

64

This week

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window.

CVSS
34 / 40 · 8.6 / 10
CISA KEV
30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
active
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · brocade
8.6
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Apr 28, 2025. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: May 19, 2025.

Get told when this record changes

  • In CISA KEV: exploitation in the wild confirmed
  • Weaponized exploit exists
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-1976

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
broadcomfabric operating system

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • broadcom fabric operating system9.1.0 and later · before 9.1.1d7

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (brocade). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Brocade Fabric OS

    • Fabric OS versions 9.1.0 through 9.1.1d6affected

Same product

broadcom: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2020-15373Multiple buffer overflow vulnerabilities in REST API in Brocade Fabric OS versions v8.2.1 through v8.2.1d, and 8.2.2 versions before v8.2.2c
    40Plan
  • CVE-2023-3454Remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability in Brocade Fabric OS after v9.0 and before v9.2.0 could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary cod
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2022-33186A vulnerability in Brocade Fabric OS software v9.1.1, v9.0.1e, v8.2.3c, v7.4.2j, and earlier versions could allow a remote unauthenticated a
    39Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-5461Feb 14, 2025 · Command or parameter injection via unique embedded switch SNMP commands.
    34Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-5462Feb 14, 2025 · Brocade Fabric OS may capture SNMP Passwords in clear text
    21Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-4661Jun 18, 2025 · Path transversal vulnerability potentially leading to sensitive information disclosure
    19Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Published
  2. CISA KEV+4 d
  3. TodayNov 8, 2026+564 d

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone on the same network segment can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Adjacent
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-94 · Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records