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NVD / CVE Program· CNA WSO2

CVE-2025-1862: Authenticated Arbitrary File Upload in Multiple WSO2 Products via BPEL Uploader SOAP Service Leading to Remote Code Execution

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 28/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.53% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

An arbitrary file upload vulnerability exists in multiple WSO2 products due to improper validation of user-supplied filenames in the BPEL uploader SOAP service endpoint. A malicious actor with administrative privileges can upload arbitrary files to a user-controlled location on the server. By leveraging this vulnerability, an attacker can upload a specially crafted payload and achieve remote code execution (RCE), potentially compromising the server and its data.

HighCVSS 7.2 · v3.1—No exploit No fix recorded
Published
Sep 26, 2025
Updated
Oct 18, 2026
EPSS
0.5% · 45th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

28

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
28 / 40 · 7.2 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.5%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
7.2
CNA · WSO2
6.7
0.5 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-1862

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
wso2enterprise integrator
wso2identity server
wso2identity server as key manager
wso2open banking iam

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • wso2 enterprise integrator6.6.0
  • wso2 identity server5.10.0
  • wso2 identity server5.11.0
  • wso2 identity server6.0.0
  • wso2 identity server6.1.0
  • wso2 identity server as key manager5.10.0
  • wso2 open banking iam2.0.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (WSO2). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • WSO2 WSO2 Enterprise Integrator

    • 6.6.0 and later · before 6.6.0.215affected

  • WSO2 WSO2 Identity Server

    • before 5.10.0unknown
    • 5.10.0 and later · before 5.10.0.347affected
    • 5.11.0 and later · before 5.11.0.396affected
    • 6.0.0 and later · before 6.0.0.232affected
    • 6.1.0 and later · before 6.1.0.224affected

  • WSO2 WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager

    • before 5.10.0unknown
    • 5.10.0 and later · before 5.10.0.340affected

  • WSO2 WSO2 Open Banking IAM

    • 2.0.0 and later · before 2.0.0.391affected

Same product

wso2: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2022-39810An issue was discovered in WSO2 Enterprise Integrator 6.4.0.
    41Plan
  • CVE-2020-11885WSO2 Enterprise Integrator through 6.6.0 has an XXE vulnerability where a user (with admin console access) can use the XML validator to make
    28Monitor
  • CVE-2022-39809An issue was discovered in WSO2 Enterprise Integrator 6.4.0.
    24Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2020-25516Oct 29, 2020 · WSO2 Enterprise Integrator 6.6.0 or earlier contains a stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in BPMN explorer tasks.
    21Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-0392Feb 27, 2025 · Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) in WSO2 Enterprise Integrator 6.6.0 Management Console Due to Missing CSRF Token Validation
    21Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-9955Oct 16, 2025 · Improper Access Control in WSO2 Enterprise Integrator Product via SOAP Admin Services for Logs and User-Store Configuration
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • Administrator privileges are required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-434 · Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records