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NVD / CVE Program· CNA PostgreSQL

CVE-2025-12818: PostgreSQL libpq undersizes allocations, via integer wraparound

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 23/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.36% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • Fixed version: n/a PostgreSQL 13.23, 14.20, 15.15; azl3 postgresql 16.10-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 16.11-1; azl3 rust 1.90.0-3 on Azure Linux 3.0 1.90.0-4.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to n/a PostgreSQL 13.23, 14.20, 15.15; azl3 postgresql 16.10-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 16.11-1; azl3 rust 1.90.0-3 on Azure Linux 3.0 1.90.0-4 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Integer wraparound in multiple PostgreSQL libpq client library functions allows an application input provider or network peer to cause libpq to undersize an allocation and write out-of-bounds by hundreds of megabytes. This results in a segmentation fault for the application using libpq. Versions before PostgreSQL 18.1, 17.7, 16.11, 15.15, 14.20, and 13.23 are affected.

MediumCVSS 5.9 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Nov 13, 2025
Updated
Oct 19, 2026
EPSS
0.3% · 30th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

23

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
23 / 40 · 5.9 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · PostgreSQL
5.9
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-12818

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (PostgreSQL). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • n/a PostgreSQL

    • 18 and later · before 18.1affected · rpm
    • 17 and later · before 17.7affected · rpm
    • 16 and later · before 16.11affected · rpm
    • 15 and later · before 15.15affected · rpm
    • 14 and later · before 14.20affected · rpm
    • before 13.23affected · rpm

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:10libpqbefore 16.11-3.el10_116.11-3.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10libpq-develbefore 16.11-3.el10_116.11-3.el10_1
AlmaLinux:10postgresql-test-rpm-macrosbefore 16.11-1.el10_116.11-1.el10_1
AlmaLinux:8libpqbefore 13.23-1.el8_1013.23-1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8libpq-develbefore 13.23-1.el8_1013.23-1.el8_10
AlmaLinux:8pg_repackbefore 1.4.6-3.module_el8.6.0+3095+ee60d9101.4.6-3.module_el8.6.0+3095+ee60d910
AlmaLinux:8pg_repackbefore 1.4.6-3.module_el8.6.0+2760+1746ec941.4.6-3.module_el8.6.0+2760+1746ec94
AlmaLinux:8pg_repackbefore 1.4.8-1.module_el8.9.0+3706+885c732e1.4.8-1.module_el8.9.0+3706+885c732e
AlmaLinux:8pg_repackbefore 1.5.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf335541.5.1-1.module_el8.10.0+3930+ecf33554
AlmaLinux:8pgauditbefore 16.0-1.module_el8.10.0+3798+606ebb9f16.0-1.module_el8.10.0+3798+606ebb9f
AlmaLinux:8pgauditbefore 1.7.0-1.module_el8.9.0+3706+885c732e1.7.0-1.module_el8.9.0+3706+885c732e
AlmaLinux:8pgauditbefore 1.5.0-1.module_el8.6.0+2760+1746ec941.5.0-1.module_el8.6.0+2760+1746ec94
AlmaLinux:8pgauditbefore 1.5.0-1.module_el8.6.0+3095+ee60d9101.5.0-1.module_el8.6.0+3095+ee60d910
AlmaLinux:8postgres-decoderbufsbefore 0.10.0-2.module_el8.6.0+2760+1746ec940.10.0-2.module_el8.6.0+2760+1746ec94
AlmaLinux:8postgres-decoderbufsbefore 2.4.0-1.Final.module_el8.10.0+3798+606ebb9f2.4.0-1.Final.module_el8.10.0+3798+606ebb9f
AlmaLinux:8postgres-decoderbufsbefore 1.9.7-1.Final.module_el8.9.0+3706+885c732e1.9.7-1.Final.module_el8.9.0+3706+885c732e
AlmaLinux:8postgres-decoderbufsbefore 0.10.0-2.module_el8.6.0+3095+ee60d9100.10.0-2.module_el8.6.0+3095+ee60d910
AlmaLinux:8postgresqlbefore 13.23-1.module_el8.10.0+4097+ed3c9b5c13.23-1.module_el8.10.0+4097+ed3c9b5c
AlmaLinux:8postgresqlbefore 16.11-1.module_el8.10.0+4099+381a55d616.11-1.module_el8.10.0+4099+381a55d6
AlmaLinux:8postgresqlbefore 15.15-1.module_el8.10.0+4098+1f4e965c15.15-1.module_el8.10.0+4098+1f4e965c
AlmaLinux:8postgresql-contribbefore 15.15-1.module_el8.10.0+4098+1f4e965c15.15-1.module_el8.10.0+4098+1f4e965c
AlmaLinux:8postgresql-contribbefore 13.23-1.module_el8.10.0+4097+ed3c9b5c13.23-1.module_el8.10.0+4097+ed3c9b5c
AlmaLinux:8postgresql-contribbefore 16.11-1.module_el8.10.0+4099+381a55d616.11-1.module_el8.10.0+4099+381a55d6
AlmaLinux:8postgresql-docsbefore 13.23-1.module_el8.10.0+4097+ed3c9b5c13.23-1.module_el8.10.0+4097+ed3c9b5c

+96

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
n/a PostgreSQL13.23Vendor (CNA)
n/a PostgreSQL14.20Vendor (CNA)
n/a PostgreSQL15.15Vendor (CNA)
n/a PostgreSQL16.11Vendor (CNA)
n/a PostgreSQL17.7Vendor (CNA)
n/a PostgreSQL18.1Vendor (CNA)
azl3 postgresql 16.10-1 on Azure Linux 3.016.11-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 rust 1.90.0-3 on Azure Linux 3.01.90.0-4 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
azl3 rust 1.90.0-4 on Azure Linux 3.01.90.0-4 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 postgresql 14.19-1 on CBL Mariner 2.014.20-1 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
almalinux:libpq13.23-1.el9_7 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:libpq-devel13.23-1.el9_7 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:postgresql13.23-1.el9_7 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:postgresql-contrib13.23-1.el9_7 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:postgresql-docs13.23-1.el9_7 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:postgresql-plperl13.23-1.el9_7 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:postgresql-plpython313.23-1.el9_7 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:postgresql-pltcl13.23-1.el9_7 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:postgresql-private-devel13.23-1.el9_7 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:postgresql-private-libs13.23-1.el9_7 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:postgresql-server13.23-1.el9_7 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:postgresql-server-devel13.23-1.el9_7 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
alpine:postgresql1515.15-r0 · Alpine:v3.19Package registry (OSV)
alpine:postgresql1616.11-r0 · Alpine:v3.19Package registry (OSV)
alpine:postgresql1717.7-r0 · Alpine:v3.21Package registry (OSV)
alpine:postgresql1818.1-r0 · Alpine:v3.23Package registry (OSV)
debian:postgresql-1313.23-0+deb11u1 · Debian:11Package registry (OSV)
debian:postgresql-1515.15-0+deb12u1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
debian:postgresql-1717.7-0+deb13u1 · Debian:13Package registry (OSV)
debian:postgresql-1818.1-1 · Debian:14Package registry (OSV)

+47

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-190 · Integer Overflow or Wraparound

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records