Skip to content
Noroxi
NVD / CVE Program· CNA redhat

CVE-2025-0624: Grub2: net: out-of-bounds write in grub_net_search_config_file()

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 30/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1.4% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 72.4% of all records.
  • Someone on the same network segment can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • Fixed version: azl3 grub2 2.06-24 on Azure Linux 3.0 2.06-24; cbl2 grub2 2.06-14 on CBL Mariner 2.0 2.06-14; cbl2 grub2 2.06-14 on CBL-Mariner 2.0 2.06-14.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to azl3 grub2 2.06-24 on Azure Linux 3.0 2.06-24; cbl2 grub2 2.06-14 on CBL Mariner 2.0 2.06-14; cbl2 grub2 2.06-14 on CBL-Mariner 2.0 2.06-14 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

A flaw was found in grub2. During the network boot process, when trying to search for the configuration file, grub copies data from a user controlled environment variable into an internal buffer using the grub_strcpy() function. During this step, it fails to consider the environment variable length when allocating the internal buffer, resulting in an out-of-bounds write. If correctly exploited, this issue may result in remote code execution through the same network segment grub is searching for the boot information, which can be used to by-pass secure boot protections.

HighCVSS 7.6 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Feb 19, 2025
Updated
Oct 13, 2026
EPSS
1.4% · 72th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

30

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
30 / 40 · 7.6 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 1.4%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · redhat
7.6
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2025-0624

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

One daily email digest (06:00 UTC); connect a webhook for KEV listings and weaponized exploits instantly.

Your free account also gets you

Running WordPress? Scan your site free with WP Lens

  • Stack alerts: add the products and versions you run, get the new CVEs that affect them
  • Uptime monitoring: 1 site, instant email when it goes down
  • Add your domain: subdomains and takeover risk scanned every week (1 domain)
  • 10 scans an hour on the security tools (3 a day without an account), an API key and MCP
  • All your scans in one panel: findings, what changed in the last scan, a report per domain or per client (PDF, share link)
All free tools

Sign up with email · Have an account? Sign in

Free account, no card. Unfollow any time.

Don't want an account? Get "Exploited this week" by email every MondayDon't want an account? RSS feed for red hat records

Running WordPress? Scan your site free with WP Lens

Is your version affected? Check it

Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

We use this product, ask for help

Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (redhat). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10

    • all versionsunknown

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support

    • 1:2.02-0.87.el7_9.15 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8

    • 1:2.02-162.el8_10 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2 Advanced Update Support

    • 1:2.02-87.el8_2.13 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support

    • 1:2.02-99.el8_4.12 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update Service

    • 1:2.02-99.el8_4.12 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions

    • 1:2.02-99.el8_4.12 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support

    • 1:2.02-123.el8_6.18 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Telecommunications Update Service

    • 1:2.02-123.el8_6.18 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Update Services for SAP Solutions

    • 1:2.02-123.el8_6.18 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Extended Update Support

    • 1:2.02-152.el8_8.2 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9

    • 1:2.06-94.el9_5 and laternot affected · rpm

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:8grub2-commonbefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-efi-aa64before 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-efi-aa64-cdbootbefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-efi-aa64-modulesbefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-efi-ia32before 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-efi-ia32-cdbootbefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-efi-ia32-modulesbefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-efi-x64before 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-efi-x64-cdbootbefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-efi-x64-modulesbefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-pcbefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-pc-modulesbefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-ppc64lebefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-ppc64le-modulesbefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-toolsbefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-tools-efibefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-tools-extrabefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:8grub2-tools-minimalbefore 1:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.11:2.02-162.el8_10.alma.1
AlmaLinux:9grub2-commonbefore 1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.11:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1
AlmaLinux:9grub2-efi-aa64before 1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.11:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1
AlmaLinux:9grub2-efi-aa64-cdbootbefore 1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.11:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1
AlmaLinux:9grub2-efi-aa64-modulesbefore 1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.11:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1
AlmaLinux:9grub2-efi-x64before 1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.11:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1
AlmaLinux:9grub2-efi-x64-cdbootbefore 1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.11:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1

+96

Same product

red hat: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-32911Libsoup: double free on soup_message_headers_get_content_disposition() through "soup-message-headers.c" via "params" ghashtable value
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2025-1244Emacs: shell injection vulnerability in gnu emacs via custom "man" uri scheme
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2026-54228Abrt: toctou race condition in abrt-dbus setelement allows arbitrary file writes to dump directories
    31Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-8445Sep 5, 2024 · 389-ds-base: server crash while modifying `userpassword` using malformed input (incomplete fix for cve-2024-2199)
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-9355Oct 1, 2024 · Golang-fips: golang fips zeroed buffer
    26Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-32913Apr 14, 2025 · Libsoup: null pointer dereference in soup_message_headers_get_content_disposition when "filename" parameter is present, but has no value in content-dispositio
    30Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
azl3 grub2 2.06-24 on Azure Linux 3.02.06-24 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 grub2 2.06-14 on CBL Mariner 2.02.06-14 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cbl2 grub2 2.06-14 on CBL-Mariner 2.02.06-14 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
cm2 grub2 2.06-14 on CBL Mariner 2.02.06-14 · CBL-Mariner ReleasesMicrosoft (MSRC)
almalinux:grub2-common1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:grub2-efi-aa641:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:grub2-efi-aa64-cdboot1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:grub2-efi-aa64-modules1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:grub2-efi-x641:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:grub2-efi-x64-cdboot1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:grub2-efi-x64-modules1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:grub2-pc1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:grub2-pc-modules1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:grub2-ppc64le1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:grub2-ppc64le-modules1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:grub2-tools1:2.06-94.el9_5.alma.1 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
debian:grub22.06-13+deb12u2 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:grub22.12-150600.8.18.2 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
red hat:grub21:2.02-152.el8_8.2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:grub2-common1:2.02-152.el8_8.2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:grub2-debuginfo1:2.02-152.el8_8.2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:grub2-debugsource1:2.02-152.el8_8.2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:grub2-efi-aa641:2.02-152.el8_8.2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:grub2-efi-aa64-cdboot1:2.02-152.el8_8.2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:grub2-efi-aa64-modules1:2.02-152.el8_8.2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:grub2-efi-ia321:2.02-152.el8_8.2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:grub2-efi-ia32-cdboot1:2.02-152.el8_8.2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:grub2-efi-ia32-modules1:2.02-152.el8_8.2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:grub2-efi-x641:2.02-152.el8_8.2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:grub2-efi-x64-cdboot1:2.02-152.el8_8.2 · Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseosPackage registry (OSV)

+3

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone on the same network segment can trigger it.
  • Administrator privileges are required.
  • No user action is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted

Impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component (scope changes).

Attack vector
Adjacent
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-787 · Out-of-bounds Write

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (19 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records