NVD / CVE Program· CNA AMD

CVE-2025-0031: A use after free in the SEV firmware could allow a malicous hypervisor to activate a migrated guest with the SINGLE_SOCKET policy on a diffe

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 18/100)

The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.13% (FIRST EPSS).
Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

A use after free in the SEV firmware could allow a malicous hypervisor to activate a migrated guest with the SINGLE_SOCKET policy on a different socket than the migration agent potentially resulting in loss of integrity.

MediumCVSS 4.6 · v4.0—No exploit No fix recorded

Memory safety

Published: Feb 10, 2026
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 0.1% · 2th percentile
CWE: CWE-416

Report tools

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Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 18 / 40 · 4.6 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical impact: partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: —
CNA · AMD: 4.6; NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
No public exploit code on record
No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (AMD). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

AMD AMD EPYC™ 7003 Series Processors
- MilanPI 1.0.0.Hnot affected
AMD AMD EPYC™ 8004 Series Processors
- GenoaPI 1.0.0.Gnot affected
AMD AMD EPYC™ 9004 Series Processors
- GenoaPI 1.0.0.Gnot affected
AMD AMD EPYC™ 9005 Series Processors
- TurinPI 1.0.0.5not affected
AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 7003 Series Processors
- EmbMilanPI-SP3 v9 1.0.0.Cnot affected
AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 8004 Series Processors
- EmbGenoaPI-SP5 1.0.0.Bnot affected
AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9003 Series Processors
- EmbGenoaPI-SP5 1.0.0.Bnot affected
AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9004 Series Processors
- EmbGenoaPI-SP5 1.0.0.Bnot affected
AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9005 Series Processors
- EmbTurinPI-SP5_1.0.0.1not affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
Debian:12	amd64-microcode	from 0	—

Same product

amd: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2025-61972Missing lock bit protection for NBIO registers could allow a local admin-privileged attacker to gain arbitrary System Management Network (SM
34Monitor
CVE-2025-54502Incorrect use of boot service in the AMD Platform Configuration Blob (APCB) SMM driver could allow a privileged attacker with local access (
28Monitor
CVE-2025-29950Improper input validation in system management mode (SMM) could allow a privileged attacker to overwrite stack memory leading to arbitrary c
28Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2024-36310Feb 10, 2026 · Improper input validation in the SMM communications buffer could allow a privileged attacker to perform an out of bounds read or write to SM
18Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2024-36355Feb 10, 2026 · Improper input validation in the SMM handler could allow an attacker with Ring0 access to write to SMRAM and modify execution flow for S3 (s
28Monitor
Later →CVE-2025-29939Feb 10, 2026 · Improper access control in secure encrypted virtualization (SEV) could allow a privileged attacker to write to the reverse map page (RMP) du
27Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
Administrator privileges are required.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability

Attack vector: Local
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: High
User interaction: None
Scope: X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-416 · Use After Free

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Root cause

After a memory region is freed, another reference pointing to it is still used. By then, the same region may have been allocated for different data.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-416 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1free(dev->buf);
2/* ... another thread is still running ... */
3process(dev->buf);

Fixed

1lock(&dev->lock);
2free(dev->buf);
3dev->buf = NULL;
4unlock(&dev->lock);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/AMD-SB-3023.html

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records