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CVE-2024-47889· NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

Action Mailer has possible ReDoS vulnerability in block_format

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 26/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.93% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 60.5% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • Fixed version: rails (Debian:11) 2:6.0.3.7+dfsg-2+deb11u3; rails (Debian:12) 2:6.1.7.10+dfsg-1~deb12u1; rails (Debian:13) 2:7.2.2.1+dfsg-1.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to rails (Debian:11) 2:6.0.3.7+dfsg-2+deb11u3; rails (Debian:12) 2:6.1.7.10+dfsg-1~deb12u1; rails (Debian:13) 2:7.2.2.1+dfsg-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Action Mailer is a framework for designing email service layers. Starting in version 3.0.0 and prior to versions 6.1.7.9, 7.0.8.5, 7.1.4.1, and 7.2.1.1, there is a possible ReDoS vulnerability in the block_format helper in Action Mailer. Carefully crafted text can cause the block_format helper to take an unexpected amount of time, possibly resulting in a DoS vulnerability. All users running an affected release should either upgrade to versions 6.1.7.9, 7.0.8.5, 7.1.4.1, or 7.2.1.1 or apply the relevant patch immediately. As a workaround, users can avoid calling the `block_format` helper or upgrade to Ruby 3.2. Ruby 3.2 has mitigations for this problem, so Rails applications using Ruby 3.2 or newer are unaffected. Rails 8.0.0.beta1 requires Ruby 3.2 or greater so is unaffected.

MediumCVSS 6.6 · v4.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
Oct 16, 2024
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.9% · 60th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

26

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
26 / 40 · 6.6 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.9%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · GitHub_M
6.6
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

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  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
rubyonrailsrails

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • rails rails

    • >= 3.0.0, < 6.1.7.9, >= 7.0.0, < 7.0.8.5, >= 7.1.0, < 7.1.4.1, >= 7.2.0, < 7.2.1.1affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:11railsbefore 2:6.0.3.7+dfsg-2+deb11u32:6.0.3.7+dfsg-2+deb11u3
Debian:12railsbefore 2:6.1.7.10+dfsg-1~deb12u12:6.1.7.10+dfsg-1~deb12u1
Debian:13railsbefore 2:7.2.2.1+dfsg-12:7.2.2.1+dfsg-1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedrubygem-actionmailer-7.0before 7.0.8.6-1.37.0.8.6-1.3
openSUSE:Tumbleweedrubygem-actionmailer-7.0before 7.0.8.6-1.17.0.8.6-1.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweedrubygem-rails-7.0before 7.0.8.6-1.37.0.8.6-1.3
openSUSE:Tumbleweedrubygem-rails-7.0before 7.0.8.6-1.17.0.8.6-1.1
RubyGemsactionmailerfrom 3.0.0 · before 6.1.7.96.1.7.9
RubyGemsactionmailerfrom 7.0.0 · before 7.0.8.57.0.8.5
RubyGemsactionmailerfrom 7.1.0 · before 7.1.4.17.1.4.1
RubyGemsactionmailerfrom 7.2.0 · before 7.2.1.17.2.1.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP2rubygem-actionmailer-5_1before 5.1.4-150000.3.3.15.1.4-150000.3.3.1

Same product

rails: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-66066Action Pack: Possible arbitrary file read and remote code execution in Active Storage variant processing
    60This week
  • CVE-2024-47888Action Text has possible ReDoS vulnerability in plain_text_for_blockquote_node
    26Monitor
  • CVE-2024-47887Action Controller has possible ReDoS vulnerability in HTTP Token authentication
    26Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-41128Oct 16, 2024 · Action Dispatch has possible ReDoS vulnerability in query parameter filtering
    26Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2024-54133Dec 10, 2024 · Possible Content Security Policy bypass in Action Dispatch
    9Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-55193Aug 13, 2025 · Active Record logging vulnerable to ANSI escape injection
    10Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
debian:rails2:6.1.7.10+dfsg-1~deb12u1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:rubygem-actionmailer-7.07.0.8.6-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
opensuse:rubygem-rails-7.07.0.8.6-1.1 · openSUSE:TumbleweedPackage registry (OSV)
RubyGems:actionmailer6.1.7.9Package registry (OSV)
RubyGems:actionmailer7.0.8.5Package registry (OSV)
RubyGems:actionmailer7.1.4.1Package registry (OSV)
RubyGems:actionmailer7.2.1.1Package registry (OSV)
suse:rubygem-actionmailer-5_15.1.4-150000.3.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Availability Extension 15 SP2Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2024-478870 days apartAction Controller has possible ReDoS vulnerability in HTTP Token authentication
    26Monitor
  • CVE-2024-478880 days apartAction Text has possible ReDoS vulnerability in plain_text_for_blockquote_node
    26Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

The product’s vendor appears in a public program. Matched by name; verify the scope text in the program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
Integrity
Availability
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
X

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-1333 · Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity

CVSS vector

CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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References

Show all references (4 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records