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CVE-2024-4540· NVD / CVE Program· CNA redhat

Keycloak: exposure of sensitive information in pushed authorization requests (par) kc_restart cookie

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 30/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.55% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • Fixed version: org.keycloak:keycloak-services (Maven) 24.0.5; rh-sso7-keycloak (Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7) 0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso; rh-sso7-keycloak-server (Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7) 0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso.
  • Mentioned 1 time in Turkish national cyber security advisories (siberguvenlik.gov.tr).

Low priority for now. Upgrade to org.keycloak:keycloak-services (Maven) 24.0.5; rh-sso7-keycloak (Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7) 0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso; rh-sso7-keycloak-server (Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7) 0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

A flaw was found in Keycloak in OAuth 2.0 Pushed Authorization Requests (PAR). Client-provided parameters were found to be included in plain text in the KC_RESTART cookie returned by the authorization server's HTTP response to a `request_uri` authorization request, possibly leading to an information disclosure vulnerability.

HighCVSS 7.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Jun 3, 2024
Updated
Oct 9, 2026
EPSS
0.5% · 45th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

30

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
30 / 40 · 7.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.5%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · redhat
7.5
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2024-4540

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (redhat). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • github.com/keycloak/keycloak keycloak

    • d5e82356f90893ca3b308a7e10020103e402369a and laternot affected · git

  • Red Hat Red Hat Build of Keycloak

    • all versionsunknown
    • all versionsunknown

  • Red Hat Red Hat build of Keycloak 22

    • 22.0.11-2 and laternot affected · rpm
    • 22-15 and laternot affected · rpm
    • 22-18 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat build of Keycloak 24

    • 24.0.5-2 and laternot affected · rpm
    • 24-10 and laternot affected · rpm
    • 24-10 and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Single Sign-On 7

    • all versionsunknown

  • Red Hat Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 7

    • 0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 8

    • 0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el8sso and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 9

    • 0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el9sso and laternot affected · rpm

  • Red Hat RHEL-8 based Middleware Containers

    • 7.6-49 and laternot affected · rpm

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Mavenorg.keycloak:keycloak-servicesbefore 24.0.524.0.5
Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7rh-sso7-keycloakbefore 0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso
Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7rh-sso7-keycloak-serverbefore 0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso
Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el8rh-sso7-keycloakbefore 0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el8sso0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el8sso
Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el8rh-sso7-keycloak-serverbefore 0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el8sso0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el8sso
Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el9rh-sso7-keycloakbefore 0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el9sso0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el9sso
Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el9rh-sso7-keycloak-serverbefore 0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el9sso0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el9sso

Same product

red hat: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2024-3656Keycloak: unguarded admin rest api endpoints allows low privilege users to use administrative functionalities
    33Monitor
  • CVE-2025-3501Org.keycloak.protocol.services: keycloak hostname verification
    32Monitor
  • CVE-2024-8698Keycloak-saml-core: improper verification of saml responses leading to privilege escalation in keycloak
    31Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • Later →CVE-2024-5967Jun 18, 2024 · Keycloak: leak of configured ldap bind credentials through the keycloak admin console
    10Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2024-10973Dec 17, 2024 · Keycloak: cli option for encrypted jgroups ignored
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-0604Jan 22, 2025 · Keycloak-ldap-federation: authentication bypass due to missing ldap bind after password reset in keycloak
    21Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Maven:org.keycloak:keycloak-services24.0.5Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-sso7-keycloak0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso · Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-sso7-keycloak-server0:18.0.14-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso · Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

National notice (Türkiye Cybersecurity Directorate / USOM)

Official security notices citing this record; remediation advice is on the agency's page.

All national notices →

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
none
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-312 · Cleartext Storage of Sensitive Information

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (10 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records