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NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2024-29891: ZITADEL Improper Content-Type Validation Leads to Account Takeover via Stored XSS + CSP Bypass

HighCVSS 8.7 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 34/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.76% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 55.7% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. A user must open a link or visit a page. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: zitadel zitadel 2.48.3.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to zitadel zitadel 2.48.3 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

ZITADEL users can upload their own avatar image and various image types are allowed. Due to a missing check, an attacker could upload HTML and pretend it is an image to gain access to the victim's account in certain scenarios. A possible victim would need to directly open the supposed image in the browser, where a session in ZITADEL needs to be active for this exploit to work. The exploit could only be reproduced if the victim was using Firefox. Chrome, Safari as well as Edge did not execute the code. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.48.3, 2.47.8, 2.46.5, 2.45.5, 2.44.7, 2.43.11, and 2.42.17.

Published
Mar 27, 2024
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.7% · 55th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

34

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
34 / 40 · 8.7 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.7%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
8.7
CNA · GitHub_M
8.7
agree

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2024-29891

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
zitadelzitadel

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • zitadel zitadel

    • < 2.42.17, >= 2.43.0, < 2.43.11, >= 2.44.0, < 2.44.7, >= 2.45.0, < 2.45.5, >= 2.46.0, < 2.46.5, >= 2.47.0, < 2.47.8, >= 2.48.0, < 2.48.3affected
Affected versions · NVD (7)

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • zitadel zitadelbefore 2.42.17
  • zitadel zitadel2.43.0 and later · before 2.43.11
  • zitadel zitadel2.44.0 and later · before 2.44.7
  • zitadel zitadel2.45.0 and later · before 2.45.5
  • zitadel zitadel2.46.0 and later · before 2.46.5
  • zitadel zitadel2.47.0 and later · before 2.47.8
  • zitadel zitadel2.48.0 and later · before 2.48.3

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadelfrom 0—
Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadelfrom 2.43.0 · before 2.43.112.43.11
Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadelfrom 2.44.0 · before 2.44.72.44.7
Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadelfrom 2.45.0 · before 2.45.52.45.5
Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadelfrom 2.46.0 · before 2.46.52.46.5
Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadelfrom 2.47.0 · before 2.47.82.47.8
Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadelfrom 2.48.0 · before 2.48.32.48.3
Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadelbefore 2.42.172.42.17

Same product

zitadel: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-109372ZITADEL 3.0.0 before 4.19.2 Account Takeover via SAML Identity-Provider Confusion
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-105215ZITADEL before 4.16.2 Account Pre-Hijacking via Forged External IdP Callback
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2026-105209ZITADEL before 3.4.15 and 4.17.1 Cross-Organization Account Takeover via Passkey Enrollment
    37Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-28197Mar 11, 2024 · Account Takeover via Session Fixation in Zitadel [Bypassing MFA]
    30Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-28855Mar 18, 2024 · ZITADEL vulnerable to improper HTML sanitization
    24Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2024-29892Mar 27, 2024 · ZITADEL's actions can overload reserved claims
    19Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
zitadel zitadel2.48.3 · descriptionVendor (CNA)
Go:github.com/zitadel/zitadel2.42.17Package registry (OSV)
Go:github.com/zitadel/zitadel2.43.11Package registry (OSV)
Go:github.com/zitadel/zitadel2.44.7Package registry (OSV)
Go:github.com/zitadel/zitadel2.45.5Package registry (OSV)
Go:github.com/zitadel/zitadel2.46.5Package registry (OSV)
Go:github.com/zitadel/zitadel2.47.8Package registry (OSV)
Go:github.com/zitadel/zitadel2.48.3Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

Not on record for this CVE: EPSS history · patch commit or PR link · researcher credit · variant or chain candidate · public bounty program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
none

Impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component (scope changes).

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-434 · Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

References

Show all references (7 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records