NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2024-28255: Authentication Bypass in OpenMetadata

Noroxi assessment

Priority: This week (action score 61/100)

A ready-made attack module is public (Metasploit, Nuclei); exploiting it takes no special expertise.
Public proof-of-concept code exists (GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 73.2% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 99.4% of all records.
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
Fixed version: open-metadata OpenMetadata 1.2.4.

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window. Upgrade to open-metadata OpenMetadata 1.2.4 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

OpenMetadata is a unified platform for discovery, observability, and governance powered by a central metadata repository, in-depth lineage, and seamless team collaboration. The `JwtFilter` handles the API authentication by requiring and verifying JWT tokens. When a new request comes in, the request's path is checked against this list. When the request's path contains any of the excluded endpoints the filter returns without validating the JWT. Unfortunately, an attacker may use Path Parameters to make any path contain any arbitrary strings. For example, a request to `GET /api/v1;v1%2fusers%2flogin/events/subscriptions/validation/condition/111` will match the excluded endpoint condition and therefore will be processed with no JWT validation allowing an attacker to bypass the authentication mechanism and reach any arbitrary endpoint, including the ones listed above that lead to arbitrary SpEL expression injection. This bypass will not work when the endpoint uses the `SecurityContext.getUserPrincipal()` since it will return `null` and will throw an NPE. This issue may lead to authentication bypass and has been addressed in version 1.2.4. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this vulnerability. This issue is also tracked as `GHSL-2023-237`.

CriticalCVSS 9.8 · v3.1—Weaponized Fix available

BDU:2024-03058

Published: Mar 15, 2024
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 73.2% · 99th percentile
CWE: CWE-287

Report tools

JSON

Action score

This week

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window.

CVSS: 39 / 40 · 9.8 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 22 / 30 · 73.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: proof of concept
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: —
CNA · GitHub_M: 9.8; NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
Weaponized exploit exists
A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Running WordPress? Scan your site free with WP Lens

Is your version affected? Check it

Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

We use this product, ask for help

Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
open-metadata	openmetadata	cpe:2.3:a:open-metadata:openmetadata

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

open-metadata openmetadatabefore 1.2.4

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

open-metadata OpenMetadata
- < 1.2.4affected

Same product

open-metadata: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2024-28254SpEL Injection in `GET /api/v1/events/subscriptions/validation/condition/<expr>` in OpenMetadata
49Plan
CVE-2024-28253SpEL Injection in `PUT /api/v1/policies` in OpenMetadata
39Monitor
CVE-2024-28848SpEL Injection in `GET /api/v1/policies/validation/condition/<expr>` in OpenMetadata
37Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

Later →CVE-2024-28847Mar 15, 2024 · SpEL Injection in `PUT /api/v1/events/subscriptions` in OpenMetadata
36Monitor
Later →CVE-2024-55238Apr 17, 2025 · OpenMetadata <=1.4.1 is vulnerable to SQL Injection.
35Monitor
Later →CVE-2025-50465Aug 8, 2025 · OpenMetadata <=1.4.4 is vulnerable to SQL Injection.
35Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
open-metadata OpenMetadata	1.2.4 · description	Vendor (CNA)

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Evidence

Metasploit module ×1
Nuclei detection template ×1
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
Source	Kind	Date
Metasploit module	exploit/linux/http/openmetadata_auth_bypass_rceOpenMetadata authentication bypass and SpEL injection exploit chainexploit	2024-03-15
Nuclei detection template	Nuclei template CVE-2024-28255	—
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:5	2024-04-12

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

MetasploitMar 15, 2024-1 d
PublishedMar 15, 2024
First PoCApr 12, 2024+27 d
TodayOct 29, 2026+958 d

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

—

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

CVE-2024-282540 days apartSpEL Injection in `GET /api/v1/events/subscriptions/validation/condition/<expr>` in OpenMetadata
49Plan
CVE-2024-282530 days apartSpEL Injection in `PUT /api/v1/policies` in OpenMetadata
39Monitor
CVE-2024-288480 days apartSpEL Injection in `GET /api/v1/policies/validation/condition/<expr>` in OpenMetadata
37Monitor
CVE-2024-288470 days apartSpEL Injection in `PUT /api/v1/events/subscriptions` in OpenMetadata
36Monitor

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
No account or password is required.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: None
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-287 · Improper Authentication

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

Authentication is added route by route instead of being enforced in one place. When a route added later bypasses the shared middleware, the session check never runs for it.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-287 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1app.use("/admin", requireSession, adminRouter);
2

3// Route added later skips the middleware
4app.post("/admin-api/config", updateConfig);

Fixed

1const admin = express.Router();
2admin.use(requireSession, requireRole("admin"));
3

4admin.post("/config", updateConfig);
5app.use("/admin", admin);