Skip to content
Noroxi
CVE.org (no NVD analysis yet)· CNA WSO2

CVE-2024-12139: Content Spoofing via Error Handling in Multiple WSO2 Products Enables Social Engineering Attacks

MediumCVSS 4.3 · v3.1—No exploit No fix recorded

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 17/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.21% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. A user must open a link or visit a page. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

The error handling implementation fails to properly sanitize or validate user-supplied input within URL parameters under specific conditions. This allows end-users to manipulate the error messages that are displayed by the application. By exploiting this vulnerability, malicious actors can inject arbitrary content into error messages. This enables them to perform social engineering attacks, such as phishing or credential theft, by replacing legitimate error messages with malicious content, misleading users into compromising sensitive information or taking harmful actions.

Published
Nov 2, 2026
Updated
Nov 9, 2026
EPSS
0.2% · 11th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

17

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
17 / 40 · 4.3 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.2%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · WSO2
4.3
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2024-12139

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

One daily email digest (06:00 UTC); connect a webhook for KEV listings and weaponized exploits every 10 minutes on paid plans, on the hour on the free plan.

Your free account also gets you

  • CVE alerts: add the products and versions you run, get the new CVEs that affect them
  • Uptime monitoring: 1 site, instant email when it goes down
  • Add your domain: subdomains and takeover risk scanned every week (1 domain)
  • 10 scans an hour on the security tools, at most 30 a day (3 a day without an account), an API key and MCP
  • All your scans in one panel: findings, what changed in the last scan, a report per domain or per client (PDF, share link)
All free tools

Sign up with email · Have an account? Sign in

Free account, no card. Unfollow any time.

Don't want an account? Get "Exploited this week" by email every MondayDon't want an account? RSS feed for wso2 records
Is your version affected? Check it

Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

We use this product, ask for help

Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (WSO2). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • WSO2 WSO2 API Manager

    • before 3.2.1unknown
    • 3.2.1 and later · before 3.2.1.49affected
    • 4.1.0 and later · before 4.1.0.210affected
    • 4.2.0 and later · before 4.2.0.148affected

  • WSO2 WSO2 Identity Server

    • before 5.10.0unknown
    • 5.10.0 and later · before 5.10.0.346affected
    • 5.11.0 and later · before 5.11.0.385affected
    • 6.0.0 and later · before 6.0.0.229affected

  • WSO2 WSO2 Identity Server as Key Manager

    • before 5.10.0unknown
    • 5.10.0 and later · before 5.10.0.339affected

Same product

wso2: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-4052Privilege Escalation via Token Endpoint in WSO2 API Manager (APIM 4.x/IS as Resident Key Manager)
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2025-11969Broken Access Control via System REST APIs in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Unauthorized Administrative Actions
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2025-14561Access Control Bypass via Publisher REST APIs in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Cross-Tenant Operations
    36Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-12544Nov 2, 2026 · Stored Cross-Site Scripting in Multiple WSO2 Products
    19Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2026-2613Nov 2, 2026 · SQL Injection via Admin REST API in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Database Information Inference and Service Disruption
    34Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-9517Nov 2, 2026 · Improper Token Renewal in Refresh Token Grant in Multiple WSO2 Products Allows Unauthorized Access to Blocked Accounts
    19Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Not on record for this CVE: patch commit or PR link · researcher credit · variant or chain candidate · public bounty program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
low · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
none
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
Required
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
Low
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-116 · Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records