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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Nozomi

CVE-2024-10918: Stack-based Buffer Overflow in libmodbus library

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 39/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.56% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: libmodbus (Debian:11) 3.1.6-2+deb11u1; libmodbus (Debian:12) 3.1.6-2.1+deb12u1; libmodbus (Debian:13) 3.1.11-1.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 4.8, NVD 9.8.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to libmodbus (Debian:11) 3.1.6-2+deb11u1; libmodbus (Debian:12) 3.1.6-2.1+deb12u1; libmodbus (Debian:13) 3.1.11-1 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in libmodbus v3.1.10 allows to overflow the buffer allocated for the Modbus response if the function tries to reply to a Modbus request with an unexpected length.

CriticalCVSS 9.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Feb 27, 2025
Updated
Aug 1, 2026
EPSS
0.5% · 47th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

39

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
39 / 40 · 9.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.5%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
9.8
CNA · Nozomi
4.8
5.0 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2024-10918

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
libmodbuslibmodbus

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • libmodbus libmodbus3.1.10

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Nozomi). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • libmodbus libmodbus

    • up to and including 3.1.10affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:11libmodbusbefore 3.1.6-2+deb11u13.1.6-2+deb11u1
Debian:12libmodbusbefore 3.1.6-2.1+deb12u13.1.6-2.1+deb12u1
Debian:13libmodbusbefore 3.1.11-13.1.11-1

Same product

libmodbus: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2023-26793libmodbus v3.1.10 has a heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in read_io_status function in src/modbus.c.
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2019-14463An issue was discovered in libmodbus before 3.0.7 and 3.1.x before 3.1.5.
    37Monitor
  • CVE-2019-14462An issue was discovered in libmodbus before 3.0.7 and 3.1.x before 3.1.5.
    37Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-36843May 31, 2024 · libmodbus v3.1.6 was discovered to contain a heap overflow via the modbus_mapping_free() function.
    30Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-36844May 31, 2024 · libmodbus v3.1.6 was discovered to contain a use-after-free via the ctx->backend pointer.
    30Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2024-36845May 31, 2024 · An invalid pointer in the modbus_receive() function of libmodbus v3.1.6 allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted…
    17Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
debian:libmodbus3.1.6-2.1+deb12u1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-121 · Stack-based Buffer Overflow

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records