A flood of DNS messages over TCP may make the server unstable
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)
- Public proof-of-concept code exists (GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 4.6% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 91.6% of all records.
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
- According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
- Fixed version: azl3 bind 9.19.21-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 9.20.0-1; azl3 bind 9.20.0-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 9.20.0-1.
- Mentioned 1 time in Turkish national cyber security advisories (siberguvenlik.gov.tr).
Low priority for now. Upgrade to azl3 bind 9.19.21-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 9.20.0-1; azl3 bind 9.20.0-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 9.20.0-1 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
A malicious client can send many DNS messages over TCP, potentially causing the server to become unstable while the attack is in progress. The server may recover after the attack ceases. Use of ACLs will not mitigate the attack. This issue affects BIND 9 versions 9.18.1 through 9.18.27, 9.19.0 through 9.19.24, and 9.18.11-S1 through 9.18.27-S1.
- Published
- Jul 23, 2024
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2026
- EPSS
- 4.6% · 91th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-770
Report tools
Action score
31
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 30 / 40 · 7.5 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 1 / 30 · 4.6%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- yes
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- —
- CNA · isc
- 7.5
- NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- Proof of concept exists, no weaponized module
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| isc | bind | cpe:2.3:a:isc:bind |
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (isc). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
ISC BIND 9
- 9.18.1 and later · up to and including 9.18.27affected
- 9.19.0 and later · up to and including 9.19.24affected
- 9.18.11-S1 and later · up to and including 9.18.27-S1affected
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alpine:v3.17 | bind | before 9.18.31-r0 | 9.18.31-r0 |
| Alpine:v3.21 | bind | before 9.18.28-r0 | 9.18.28-r0 |
| Debian:12 | bind9 | before 1:9.18.28-1~deb12u1 | 1:9.18.28-1~deb12u1 |
| Debian:13 | bind9 | before 1:9.20.0-1 | 1:9.20.0-1 |
| openSUSE:Tumbleweed | bind | before 9.20.0-1.1 | 9.20.0-1.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | bind | before 9.18.28-150600.3.3.1 | 9.18.28-150600.3.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | bind | before 9.18.28-150600.3.3.1 | 9.18.28-150600.3.3.1 |
Same product
isc: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2024-12705DNS-over-HTTPS implementation suffers from multiple issues under heavy query load36Monitor
- CVE-2025-40775DNS message with invalid TSIG causes an assertion failure35Monitor
- CVE-2024-11187Many records in the additional section cause CPU exhaustion35Monitor
Published before and after this one in the same product
- Later →CVE-2024-1737Jul 23, 2024 · BIND's database will be slow if a very large number of RRs exist at the same name31Monitor
- Later →CVE-2024-1975Jul 23, 2024 · SIG(0) can be used to exhaust CPU resources31Monitor
- Later →CVE-2024-4076Jul 23, 2024 · Assertion failure when serving both stale cache data and authoritative zone content31Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| azl3 bind 9.19.21-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 | 9.20.0-1 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| azl3 bind 9.20.0-1 on Azure Linux 3.0 | 9.20.0-1 · CBL-Mariner Releases | Microsoft (MSRC) |
| alpine:bind | 9.18.31-r0 · Alpine:v3.17 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:bind9 | 1:9.18.28-1~deb12u1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:bind | 9.18.28-150600.3.3.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:bind | 9.18.28-150600.3.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
Proof of concept available
A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.
Evidence
- Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1
Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.
| Source | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | stars:0 | 2025-03-12 |
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
- Published
- First PoC+232 d
- TodayOct 21, 2026+820 d
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
- CVE-2024-12705190 days apartDNS-over-HTTPS implementation suffers from multiple issues under heavy query load36Monitor
- CVE-2024-17370 days apartBIND's database will be slow if a very large number of RRs exist at the same name31Monitor
- CVE-2024-19750 days apartSIG(0) can be used to exhaust CPU resources31Monitor
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
National notice (Türkiye Cybersecurity Directorate / USOM)
Official security notices citing this record; remediation advice is on the agency's page.
- TR-24-1054 · Jul 24, 2024(ISC BIND Güvenlik Bildirimi)
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- none
- Integrity
- none
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- None
- Integrity impact
- None
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-770 · Allocation of Resources Without Limits or ThrottlingCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
nvd-secondary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- FloodingCAPEC-125likelihood: High · Medium
- Excessive AllocationCAPEC-130likelihood: Medium · Medium
- XML Ping of the DeathCAPEC-147likelihood: Low · Medium
- Exponential Data ExpansionCAPEC-197likelihood: High · Medium
- Serialized Data Parameter BlowupCAPEC-229likelihood: High · High
- Serialized Data with Nested PayloadsCAPEC-230likelihood: Medium · High
- Oversized Serialized Data PayloadsCAPEC-231likelihood: Medium · High
- HTTP DoSCAPEC-469Low
ATT&CK techniques
- Network Denial of Service:Direct Network FloodT1498.001
- Network Denial of Service:Reflection AmplificationT1498.002
- Endpoint Denial of ServiceT1499
- Endpoint Denial of Service: OS Exhaustion FloodT1499.001
- Endpoint Denial of Service:Service Exhaustion FloodT1499.002
- Endpoint Denial of Service:Application Exhaustion FloodT1499.003
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
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References
Show all references (3 more)Show less
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.