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NVD / CVE Program· CNA INCIBE

CVE-2023-5965: Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type in EspoCRM

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 28/100)

  • Public proof-of-concept code exists (GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 63.7% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 4.7, NVD 7.2.

Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

An authenticated privileged attacker could upload a specially crafted zip to the EspoCRM server in version 7.2.5, via the update form, which could lead to arbitrary PHP code execution.

HighCVSS 7.2 · v3.1—Proof of concept No fix recorded
Published
Nov 30, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
1.0% · 63th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

28

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
28 / 40 · 7.2 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 1.0%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
7.2
CNA · INCIBE
4.7
2.5 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • Proof of concept exists, no weaponized module
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2023-5965

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
espocrmespocrm

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • espocrm espocrmup to 7.5.2 inclusive

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (INCIBE). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • EspoCRM EspoCRM

    • up to and including 7.5.2affected

Same product

espocrm: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2014-7985Directory traversal vulnerability in EspoCRM before 2.6.0 allows remote attackers to include and execute arbitrary local files via a ..
    42Plan
  • CVE-2026-47168EspoCRM: Authenticated RCE via Unsafe PHP Object Deserialization in MassAction/Export params
    36Monitor
  • CVE-2026-33656EspoCRM vulnerable to authenticated RCE via Formula with path traversal in attachment `sourceId`, exploitable by admin user
    36Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2022-38845Sep 16, 2022 · Cross Site Scripting in Import feature in EspoCRM 7.1.8 allows remote users to run malicious JavaScript in victim s browser via sending craf
    24Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2022-38846Sep 16, 2022 · EspoCRM version 7.1.8 is vulnerable to Missing Secure Flag allowing the browser to send plain text cookies over an insecure channel (HTTP).
    23Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2023-5966Nov 30, 2023 · Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type in EspoCRM
    28Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Proof of concept available

A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.

Evidence

  • Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
SourceKindDate
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02024-04-19

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Published
  2. First PoC+141 d
  3. TodayOct 26, 2026+1061 d
EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2022-38843440 days apartEspoCRM version 7.1.8 is vulnerable to Unrestricted File Upload allowing attackers to upload malicious file with any extension to the server
    35Monitor
  • CVE-2023-59660 days apartUnrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type in EspoCRM
    28Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • Administrator privileges are required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-434 · Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records