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CVE-2023-53804· NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

nilfs2: fix use-after-free bug of nilfs_root in nilfs_evict_inode()

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.13% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 116d53f09ff52e6f98e3fe1f85d8898d6ba26c68, 2a782ea8ebd712a458466e3103e2881b4f886cb5, 6b4205ea97901f822004e6c8d59484ccfda03faa.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 116d53f09ff52e6f98e3fe1f85d8898d6ba26c68, 2a782ea8ebd712a458466e3103e2881b4f886cb5, 6b4205ea97901f822004e6c8d59484ccfda03faa or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nilfs2: fix use-after-free bug of nilfs_root in nilfs_evict_inode() During unmount process of nilfs2, nothing holds nilfs_root structure after nilfs2 detaches its writer in nilfs_detach_log_writer(). However, since nilfs_evict_inode() uses nilfs_root for some cleanup operations, it may cause use-after-free read if inodes are left in "garbage_list" and released by nilfs_dispose_list() at the end of nilfs_detach_log_writer(). Fix this issue by modifying nilfs_evict_inode() to only clear inode without additional metadata changes that use nilfs_root if the file system is degraded to read-only or the writer is detached.

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Dec 8, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 2th percentile
CWE
—

Report tools

JSON

Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · Linux
7.8
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

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  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

—

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 2.6.37affected
    • e912a5b66837ee89fb025e67b5efeaa11930c2ce and later · before f31e18131ee2ce80a4da5c808221d25b1ae9ad6daffected · git
    • e912a5b66837ee89fb025e67b5efeaa11930c2ce and later · before 2a782ea8ebd712a458466e3103e2881b4f886cb5affected · git
    • e912a5b66837ee89fb025e67b5efeaa11930c2ce and later · before 116d53f09ff52e6f98e3fe1f85d8898d6ba26c68affected · git
    • e912a5b66837ee89fb025e67b5efeaa11930c2ce and later · before 6b4205ea97901f822004e6c8d59484ccfda03faaaffected · git
    • e912a5b66837ee89fb025e67b5efeaa11930c2ce and later · before b8427b8522d9ede53015ba45a9978ba68d1162f5affected · git
    • e912a5b66837ee89fb025e67b5efeaa11930c2ce and later · before acc2a40e428f12780004e1e9fce4722d88f909fdaffected · git
    • e912a5b66837ee89fb025e67b5efeaa11930c2ce and later · before fb8e8d58f116d069e5939e1f786ac84e7fa4533eaffected · git
    • e912a5b66837ee89fb025e67b5efeaa11930c2ce and later · before 9b5a04ac3ad9898c4745cba46ea26de74ba56a8eaffected · git
    • before 2.6.37not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.37-16.1.37-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.3.7-16.3.7-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-74705udp: fix potential use-after-free in tunnel segmentation
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74612veth: fix skb length accounting after XDP frag adjustment
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-74475vxlan: use neigh_ha_snapshot() in route_shortcircuit()
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-53801Dec 8, 2025 · iommu/sprd: Release dma buffer to avoid memory leak
    0Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-53802Dec 8, 2025 · wifi: ath9k: htc_hst: free skb in ath9k_htc_rx_msg() if there is no callback function
    0Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2023-53806Dec 8, 2025 · drm/amd/display: populate subvp cmd info only for the top pipe
    31Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux116d53f09ff52e6f98e3fe1f85d8898d6ba26c68Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux2a782ea8ebd712a458466e3103e2881b4f886cb5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux6b4205ea97901f822004e6c8d59484ccfda03faaVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux9b5a04ac3ad9898c4745cba46ea26de74ba56a8eVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxacc2a40e428f12780004e1e9fce4722d88f909fdVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxb8427b8522d9ede53015ba45a9978ba68d1162f5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxf31e18131ee2ce80a4da5c808221d25b1ae9ad6dVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxfb8e8d58f116d069e5939e1f786ac84e7fa4533eVendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.37-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

—

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (7 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records