md/raid10: prevent soft lockup while flush writes
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: md/raid10: prevent soft lockup while flush writes Currently, there is no limit for raid1/raid10 plugged bio. While flushing writes, raid1 has cond_resched() while raid10 doesn't, and too many writes can cause soft lockup. Follow up soft lockup can be triggered easily with writeback test for raid10 with ramdisks: watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#10 stuck for 27s! [md0_raid10:1293] Call Trace: <TASK> call_rcu+0x16/0x20 put_object+0x41/0x80 __delete_object+0x50/0x90 delete_object_full+0x2b/0x40 kmemleak_free+0x46/0xa0 slab_free_freelist_hook.constprop.0+0xed/0x1a0 kmem_cache_free+0xfd/0x300 mempool_free_slab+0x1f/0x30 mempool_free+0x3a/0x100 bio_free+0x59/0x80 bio_put+0xcf/0x2c0 free_r10bio+0xbf/0xf0 raid_end_bio_io+0x78/0xb0 one_write_done+0x8a/0xa0 raid10_end_write_request+0x1b4/0x430 bio_endio+0x175/0x320 brd_submit_bio+0x3b9/0x9b7 [brd] __submit_bio+0x69/0xe0 submit_bio_noacct_nocheck+0x1e6/0x5a0 submit_bio_noacct+0x38c/0x7e0 flush_pending_writes+0xf0/0x240 raid10d+0xac/0x1ed0 Fix the problem by adding cond_resched() to raid10 like what raid1 did. Note that unlimited plugged bio still need to be optimized, for example, in the case of lots of dirty pages writeback, this will take lots of memory and io will spend a long time in plug, hence io latency is bad.
- Published
- Sep 15, 2025
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.1% · 2th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-667
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Report tools
Action score
22
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.1%
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
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We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| linux | linux kernel | cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- linux linux kernelbefore 4.14.322
- linux linux kernel4.15 and later · before 4.19.291
- linux linux kernel4.20 and later · before 5.4.251
- linux linux kernel5.5 and later · before 5.10.188
- linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.150
- linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.83
- linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.4.7
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Linux Linux
- 2.6.16affected
- 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before f45b2fa7678ab385299de345f7e85d05caea386baffected · git
- 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before 00ecb6fa67c0f772290c5ea5ae8b46eefd503b83affected · git
- 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before d0345f7c7dbc5d42e4e6f1db99c1c1879d7b0eb5affected · git
- 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before 634daf6b2c81015cc5e28bf694a6a94a50c641cdaffected · git
- 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before 84a578961b2566e475bfa8740beaf0abcc781a6faffected · git
- 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before 1d467e10507167eb6dc2c281a87675b731955d86affected · git
- 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before fbf50184190d55f8717bd29aa9530c399be96f30affected · git
- 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before 010444623e7f4da6b4a4dd603a7da7469981e293affected · git
- before 2.6.16not affected · semver
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:12 | linux | before 6.1.85-1 | 6.1.85-1 |
| Debian:13 | linux | before 6.4.11-1 | 6.4.11-1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | dtb-aarch64 | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-debug | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-kvmsmall | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | kernel-obs-qa | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_16 | before 1-150600.13.3.1 | 1-150600.13.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_16 | before 1-150600.13.3.1 | 1-150600.13.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_16 | before 1-150600.1.3.1 | 1-150600.1.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_16 | before 1-150600.1.3.1 | 1-150600.1.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_6 | before 1-150700.15.3.1 | 1-150700.15.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_6 | before 1-150700.1.3.1 | 1-150700.1.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-64kb | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-64kb | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-default | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-default | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-default-base | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1.150600.12.32.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1.150600.12.32.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-default-base | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1.150600.12.32.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1.150600.12.32.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-source | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-source | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-zfcpdump | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | kernel-zfcpdump | before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | kernel-64kb | before 6.4.0-150700.53.22.1 | 6.4.0-150700.53.22.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7 | kernel-default | before 6.4.0-150700.53.22.1 | 6.4.0-150700.53.22.1 |
+38
Same product
linux: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
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- CVE-2016-5195Race condition in mm/gup.c in the Linux kernel 2.x through 4.x before 4.8.3 allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging incorrect haKEV83Now
- CVE-2019-13272In the Linux kernel before 5.1.17, ptrace_link in kernel/ptrace.c mishandles the recording of the credentials of a process that wants to creKEV77This week
- CVE-2013-6282The (1) get_user and (2) put_user API functions in the Linux kernel before 3.5.5 on the v6k and v7 ARM platforms do not validate certain addKEV77This week
- CVE-2013-2094The perf_swevent_init function in kernel/events/core.c in the Linux kernel before 3.8.9 uses an incorrect integer data type, which allows loKEV77This week
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Linux Linux | 00ecb6fa67c0f772290c5ea5ae8b46eefd503b83 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 010444623e7f4da6b4a4dd603a7da7469981e293 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 1d467e10507167eb6dc2c281a87675b731955d86 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 634daf6b2c81015cc5e28bf694a6a94a50c641cd | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 84a578961b2566e475bfa8740beaf0abcc781a6f | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | d0345f7c7dbc5d42e4e6f1db99c1c1879d7b0eb5 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | f45b2fa7678ab385299de345f7e85d05caea386b | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | fbf50184190d55f8717bd29aa9530c399be96f30 | Vendor (CNA) |
| debian:linux | 6.1.85-1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:dtb-aarch64 | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-64kb | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-debug | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-64kb | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default-base | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1.150600.12.32.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-docs | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_16 | 1-150600.13.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-obs-build | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-source | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-syms | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-zfcpdump | 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- none
- Integrity
- none
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- None
- Integrity impact
- None
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-667 · Improper LockingCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/00ecb6fa67c0f772290c5ea5ae8b46eefd503b83
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/010444623e7f4da6b4a4dd603a7da7469981e293
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/1d467e10507167eb6dc2c281a87675b731955d86
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/634daf6b2c81015cc5e28bf694a6a94a50c641cd
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/84a578961b2566e475bfa8740beaf0abcc781a6f
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/d0345f7c7dbc5d42e4e6f1db99c1c1879d7b0eb5
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/f45b2fa7678ab385299de345f7e85d05caea386b
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/fbf50184190d55f8717bd29aa9530c399be96f30
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.