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CVE-2023-53151· NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

md/raid10: prevent soft lockup while flush writes

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: md/raid10: prevent soft lockup while flush writes Currently, there is no limit for raid1/raid10 plugged bio. While flushing writes, raid1 has cond_resched() while raid10 doesn't, and too many writes can cause soft lockup. Follow up soft lockup can be triggered easily with writeback test for raid10 with ramdisks: watchdog: BUG: soft lockup - CPU#10 stuck for 27s! [md0_raid10:1293] Call Trace: <TASK> call_rcu+0x16/0x20 put_object+0x41/0x80 __delete_object+0x50/0x90 delete_object_full+0x2b/0x40 kmemleak_free+0x46/0xa0 slab_free_freelist_hook.constprop.0+0xed/0x1a0 kmem_cache_free+0xfd/0x300 mempool_free_slab+0x1f/0x30 mempool_free+0x3a/0x100 bio_free+0x59/0x80 bio_put+0xcf/0x2c0 free_r10bio+0xbf/0xf0 raid_end_bio_io+0x78/0xb0 one_write_done+0x8a/0xa0 raid10_end_write_request+0x1b4/0x430 bio_endio+0x175/0x320 brd_submit_bio+0x3b9/0x9b7 [brd] __submit_bio+0x69/0xe0 submit_bio_noacct_nocheck+0x1e6/0x5a0 submit_bio_noacct+0x38c/0x7e0 flush_pending_writes+0xf0/0x240 raid10d+0xac/0x1ed0 Fix the problem by adding cond_resched() to raid10 like what raid1 did. Note that unlimited plugged bio still need to be optimized, for example, in the case of lots of dirty pages writeback, this will take lots of memory and io will spend a long time in plug, hence io latency is bad.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Sep 15, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 2th percentile
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JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

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Affected systems

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernelbefore 4.14.322
  • linux linux kernel4.15 and later · before 4.19.291
  • linux linux kernel4.20 and later · before 5.4.251
  • linux linux kernel5.5 and later · before 5.10.188
  • linux linux kernel5.11 and later · before 5.15.150
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.83
  • linux linux kernel6.2 and later · before 6.4.7

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 2.6.16affected
    • 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before f45b2fa7678ab385299de345f7e85d05caea386baffected · git
    • 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before 00ecb6fa67c0f772290c5ea5ae8b46eefd503b83affected · git
    • 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before d0345f7c7dbc5d42e4e6f1db99c1c1879d7b0eb5affected · git
    • 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before 634daf6b2c81015cc5e28bf694a6a94a50c641cdaffected · git
    • 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before 84a578961b2566e475bfa8740beaf0abcc781a6faffected · git
    • 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before 1d467e10507167eb6dc2c281a87675b731955d86affected · git
    • 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before fbf50184190d55f8717bd29aa9530c399be96f30affected · git
    • 6cce3b23f6f8e974c00af7a9b88f1d413ba368a8 and later · before 010444623e7f4da6b4a4dd603a7da7469981e293affected · git
    • before 2.6.16not affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.85-16.1.85-1
Debian:13linuxbefore 6.4.11-16.4.11-1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6dtb-aarch64before 6.4.0-150600.23.73.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-debugbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.73.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-kvmsmallbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.73.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1
openSUSE:Leap 15.6kernel-obs-qabefore 6.4.0-150600.23.73.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_16before 1-150600.13.3.11-150600.13.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_16before 1-150600.13.3.11-150600.13.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_16before 1-150600.1.3.11-150600.1.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6-RT_Update_16before 1-150600.1.3.11-150600.1.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7_Update_6before 1-150700.15.3.11-150700.15.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP7kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP7-RT_Update_6before 1-150700.1.3.11-150700.1.3.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6kernel-64kbbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.73.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6kernel-64kbbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.73.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6kernel-defaultbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.73.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6kernel-defaultbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.73.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6kernel-default-basebefore 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1.150600.12.32.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1.150600.12.32.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6kernel-default-basebefore 6.4.0-150600.23.73.1.150600.12.32.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1.150600.12.32.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6kernel-sourcebefore 6.4.0-150600.23.73.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6kernel-sourcebefore 6.4.0-150600.23.73.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6kernel-zfcpdumpbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.73.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6kernel-zfcpdumpbefore 6.4.0-150600.23.73.16.4.0-150600.23.73.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-64kbbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.22.16.4.0-150700.53.22.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP7kernel-defaultbefore 6.4.0-150700.53.22.16.4.0-150700.53.22.1

+38

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Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux00ecb6fa67c0f772290c5ea5ae8b46eefd503b83Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux010444623e7f4da6b4a4dd603a7da7469981e293Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux1d467e10507167eb6dc2c281a87675b731955d86Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux634daf6b2c81015cc5e28bf694a6a94a50c641cdVendor (CNA)
Linux Linux84a578961b2566e475bfa8740beaf0abcc781a6fVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxd0345f7c7dbc5d42e4e6f1db99c1c1879d7b0eb5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxf45b2fa7678ab385299de345f7e85d05caea386bVendor (CNA)
Linux Linuxfbf50184190d55f8717bd29aa9530c399be96f30Vendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.85-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:dtb-aarch646.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-64kb6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:kernel-debug6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-64kb6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default-base6.4.0-150600.23.73.1.150600.12.32.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-docs6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP6_Update_161-150600.13.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-obs-build6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-syms6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-zfcpdump6.4.0-150600.23.73.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP6Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-667 · Improper Locking

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

All records