CVE-2023-51441: Apache Axis 1.x (EOL) may allow SSRF when untrusted input is passed to the service admin HTTP API
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 28/100)
- The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1.2% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 68.5% of all records.
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
- According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
- Fixed version: axis (Debian:14) 1.4-30; axis (openSUSE:Leap 15.5) 1.4-150200.13.9.1; axis (SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5) 1.4-150200.13.9.1.
Low priority for now. Upgrade to axis (Debian:14) 1.4-30; axis (openSUSE:Leap 15.5) 1.4-150200.13.9.1; axis (SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5) 1.4-150200.13.9.1 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Axis allowed users with access to the admin service to perform possible SSRF This issue affects Apache Axis: through 1.3. As Axis 1 has been EOL we recommend you migrate to a different SOAP engine, such as Apache Axis 2/Java. Alternatively you could use a build of Axis with the patch from https://github.com/apache/axis-axis1-java/commit/685c309febc64aa393b2d64a05f90e7eb9f73e06 applied. The Apache Axis project does not expect to create an Axis 1.x release fixing this problem, though contributors that would like to work towards this are welcome.
- Published
- Jan 6, 2024
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2026
- EPSS
- 1.2% · 68th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-918
Report tools
Action score
28
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 28 / 40 · 7.2 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 1.2%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- yes
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- No public exploit code on record
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| apache | axis | cpe:2.3:a:apache:axis |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- apache axisup to 1.3 inclusive
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (apache). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Apache Software Foundation Apache Axis
- up to and including 1.3affected · semver
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:12 | axis | from 0 | — |
| Debian:14 | axis | before 1.4-30 | 1.4-30 |
| Maven | axis:axis | up to and including 1.3 | — |
| Maven | org.apache.axis:axis | up to and including 1.3 | — |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | axis | before 1.4-150200.13.9.1 | 1.4-150200.13.9.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5 | axis | before 1.4-150200.13.9.1 | 1.4-150200.13.9.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5 | axis | before 1.4-290.9.1 | 1.4-290.9.1 |
Same product
apache: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2019-0227A Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability affected the Apache Axis 1.4 distribution that was last released in 2006.58Plan
- CVE-2023-40743Apache Axis 1.x (EOL) may allow RCE when untrusted input is passed to getService40Plan
- CVE-2007-2353Apache Axis 1.0 allows remote attackers to obtain sensitive information by requesting a non-existent WSDL file, which reveals the installati28Monitor
Published before and after this one in the same product
- ← EarlierCVE-2014-3596Aug 26, 2014 · The getCN function in Apache Axis 1.4 and earlier does not properly verify that the server hostname matches a domain name in the subject's C26Monitor
- ← EarlierCVE-2018-8032Aug 2, 2018 · Apache Axis 1.x up to and including 1.4 is vulnerable to a cross-site scripting (XSS) attack in the default servlet/services.27Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| debian:axis | 1.4-30 · Debian:14 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:axis | 1.4-150200.13.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:axis | 1.4-150200.13.9.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:axis | 1.4-290.9.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 12 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
- thiscodeccMoyunSec Vlab and Bingfinder
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- Administrator privileges are required.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- High
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-918 · Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
ATT&CK techniques
—
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
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References
Show all references (1 more)Show less
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.