Skip to content
Noroxi
CVE-2023-48784· NVD / CVE Program· CNA fortinet

A use of externally-controlled format string vulnerability [CWE-134] in FortiOS version 7.4.1 and below, version 7.2.7 and below, 7.0 all ve

A use of externally-controlled format string vulnerability [CWE-134] in FortiOS version 7.4.1 and below, version 7.2.7 and below, 7.0 all versions, 6.4 all versions command line interface may allow a local privileged attacker with super-admin profile and CLI access to execute arbitrary code or commands via specially crafted requests.

MediumCVSS 6.7 · v3.1—No exploit No fix recorded
Published
Apr 9, 2024
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.8% · 54th percentile
Follow this CVE

Sign in to follow · You’ll be notified if a followed record enters KEV, gets an exploit or is updated.

Report tools

JSON

Action score

26

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
26 / 40 · 6.7 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.8%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
6.7
CNA · fortinet
6.1
0.6 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Affected systems

VendorProduct
fortinetfortios

Using fortios? Add it to your stack and be the first to know about CVEs like this one. (VPN gateway)

Add to my stack

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • fortinet fortios6.4.0 and later · before 7.0.16
  • fortinet fortios7.2.0 and later · before 7.2.8
  • fortinet fortios7.4.0 and later · before 7.4.2

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (fortinet). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Fortinet FortiOS

    • 7.4.0 and later · up to and including 7.4.1affected · semver
    • 7.2.0 and later · up to and including 7.2.7affected · semver
    • 7.0.0 and later · up to and including 7.0.15affected · semver
    • 6.4.0 and later · up to and including 6.4.15affected · semver

Same product

fortinet: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2022-42475A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-122] in FortiOS SSL-VPN 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, 7.0.0 through 7.0.8, 6.4.0 through 6.4.10, 6.2.KEV
    99Now
  • CVE-2020-12812An improper authentication vulnerability in SSL VPN in FortiOS 6.4.0, 6.2.0 to 6.2.3, 6.0.9 and below may result in a user being able to logKEV
    84Now
  • CVE-2025-25249A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 7.6.0 through 7.6.3, FortiOS 7.4.0 through 7.4.8, FortiOS 7.2.0 through 7.2.1KEV
    70This week
  • CVE-2025-68686An Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor vulnerability [CWE-200] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 7.6.0 through 7.6.1,KEV
    62This week
  • CVE-2019-5591A Default Configuration vulnerability in FortiOS may allow an unauthenticated attacker on the same subnet to intercept sensitive informationKEV
    62This week
  • CVE-2022-41328A improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory vulnerability ('path traversal') [CWE-22] in Fortinet FortiOS version 7.2.0 thKEV
    61This week

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2024-45324336 days apartA use of externally-controlled format string vulnerability [CWE-134] in FortiOS version 7.4.0 through 7.4.4, version 7.2.0 through 7.2.9, ve
    28Monitor
  • CVE-2023-40721308 days apartA use of externally-controlled format string vulnerability [CWE-134] vulnerability in Fortinet allows a privileged attacker to execute arbi
    26Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

  • CVE-2023-4671728 days apartAn improper authentication vulnerability [CWE-287] in FortiOS versions 7.4.1 and below, versions 7.2.6 and below, and versions 7.0.12 and be
    35Monitor

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • Administrator privileges are required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-134 · Use of Externally-Controlled Format String

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Noroxi analysis

No Noroxi analysis for this record yet

We don't hand-write analysis for all 385,000+ vulnerabilities; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.

We use this product, ask for help

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records