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CVE-2023-42119· NVD / CVE Program· CNA zdi

Exim dnsdb Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 12/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 1.6% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 75.2% of all records.
  • Someone on the same network segment can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • Fixed version: exim4 (Debian:11) 4.94.2-7+deb11u4; exim4 (Debian:12) 4.96-15+deb12u3; exim4 (Debian:13) 4.97~RC2-2.
  • Mentioned 2 times in Turkish national cyber security advisories (siberguvenlik.gov.tr).

Low priority for now. Upgrade to exim4 (Debian:11) 4.94.2-7+deb11u4; exim4 (Debian:12) 4.96-15+deb12u3; exim4 (Debian:13) 4.97~RC2-2 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Exim dnsdb Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows network-adjacent attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Exim. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the smtp service, which listens on TCP port 25 by default. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the service account. . Was ZDI-CAN-17643.

LowCVSS 3.1 · v3.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
May 2, 2024
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
1.6% · 75th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

12

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
12 / 40 · 3.1 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 1.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · zdi
3.1
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2023-42119

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
eximexim

Using exim? Add it to your stack and be the first to know about CVEs like this one. (Email server)

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Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • exim eximbefore 4.96.2

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (zdi). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Exim Exim

    • exim 4.96-RC0-14-24b8ed847-XXaffected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:11exim4before 4.94.2-7+deb11u44.94.2-7+deb11u4
Debian:12exim4before 4.96-15+deb12u34.96-15+deb12u3
Debian:13exim4before 4.97~RC2-24.97~RC2-2
openSUSE:Tumbleweedeximbefore 4.96.2-1.14.96.2-1.1
SUSE:Package Hub 15 SP4eximbefore 4.94.2-bp154.2.9.14.94.2-bp154.2.9.1
SUSE:Package Hub 15 SP4eximbefore 4.94.2-bp154.2.9.14.94.2-bp154.2.9.1
SUSE:Package Hub 15 SP5eximbefore 4.97.1-bp155.5.9.14.97.1-bp155.5.9.1
SUSE:Package Hub 15 SP5eximbefore 4.94.2-bp155.5.6.14.94.2-bp155.5.6.1
SUSE:Package Hub 15 SP5eximbefore 4.97.1-bp155.5.9.14.97.1-bp155.5.9.1
SUSE:Package Hub 15 SP5eximbefore 4.94.2-bp155.5.6.14.94.2-bp155.5.6.1

Same product

exim: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2019-10149A flaw was found in Exim versions 4.87 to 4.91 (inclusive).KEV
    99Now
  • CVE-2018-6789An issue was discovered in the base64d function in the SMTP listener in Exim before 4.90.1.KEV
    94Now
  • CVE-2010-4344Heap-based buffer overflow in the string_vformat function in string.c in Exim before 4.70 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code KEV
    91Now
  • CVE-2019-16928Exim 4.92 through 4.92.2 allows remote code execution, a different vulnerability than CVE-2019-15846.KEV
    81Now
  • CVE-2010-4345Exim 4.72 and earlier allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging the ability of the exim user account to specify an alternate confiKEV
    66This week
  • CVE-2025-26794Exim 4.98 before 4.98.1, when SQLite hints and ETRN serialization are used, allows remote SQL injection.
    62This week

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
debian:exim44.96-15+deb12u3 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:exim4.94.2-bp155.5.6.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.5Package registry (OSV)
suse:exim4.94.2-bp155.5.6.1 · SUSE:Package Hub 15 SP5Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2023-421140 days apartExim NTLM Challenge Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability
    29Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

National notice (Türkiye Cybersecurity Directorate / USOM)

Official security notices citing this record; remediation advice is on the agency's page.

All national notices →

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone on the same network segment can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
low · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
none
Attack vector
Adjacent
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
Low
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-125 · Out-of-bounds Read

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N

nvd-secondary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records