CVE-2023-3368· NVD / CVE Program· CNA STAR_Labs

Chamilo LMS Unauthenticated Command Injection

Noroxi assessment

Priority: This week (action score 60/100)

A ready-made attack module is public (Nuclei); exploiting it takes no special expertise.
Public proof-of-concept code exists (Exploit-DB / GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 69.6% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 99.3% of all records.
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
No fixed version is recorded, but the references include a patch (commit or PR) link.

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window. See the fix and affected versions sections below.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Command injection in `/main/webservices/additional_webservices.php` in Chamilo LMS <= v1.11.20 allows unauthenticated attackers to obtain remote code execution via improper neutralisation of special characters. This is a bypass of CVE-2023-34960.

CriticalCVSS 9.8 · v3.1—Proof of concept No fix recorded

Published: Nov 28, 2023
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 69.6% · 99th percentile
CWE: CWE-78

Report tools

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Action score

This week

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window.

CVSS: 39 / 40 · 9.8 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 21 / 30 · 69.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: 9.8
CNA · STAR_Labs: 9.8; agree

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
Proof of concept exists, no weaponized module
No fixed version yet

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
chamilo	chamilo	cpe:2.3:a:chamilo:chamilo

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

chamilo chamilobefore 1.11.20

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (STAR_Labs). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

Chamilo Chamilo
- up to and including 1.11.20affected · semver

Same product

chamilo: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2023-34960A command injection vulnerability in the wsConvertPpt component of Chamilo v1.11.* up to v1.11.18 allows attackers to execute arbitrary comm
69This week
CVE-2021-34187main/inc/ajax/model.ajax.php in Chamilo through 1.11.14 allows SQL Injection via the searchField, filters, or filters2 parameter.
44Plan
CVE-2023-3545Chamilo LMS Htaccess File Upload Security Bypass
40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2023-37067Jul 7, 2023 · Chamilo 1.11.x up to 1.11.20 allows users with admin privilege account to insert XSS in the classes/usergroups management section.
19Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2023-39061Aug 21, 2023 · Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF) vulnerability in Chamilo v.1.11 thru v.1.11.20 allows a remote authenticated privileged attacker to execut
14Monitor
Later →CVE-2023-3533Nov 28, 2023 · Chamilo LMS Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via Arbitrary File Write
40Plan

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Proof of concept available

A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.

Evidence

Nuclei detection template ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
Source	Kind	Date
Nuclei detection template	Nuclei template CVE-2023-3368	—

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days+1% in 7 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Ngo Wei Lin (@Creastery)STAR Labs SG Pte. Ltd. (@starlabs_sg)finder

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
No account or password is required.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: None
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-78 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

User input is inserted as text into a shell command. The shell may interpret special characters in the input as part of the command.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-78 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1const host = req.body.host;
2exec("ping -c 1 " + host, onResult);

Fixed

1const host = req.body.host;
2if (!/^[a-z0-9.-]{1,253}$/i.test(host)) return res.sendStatus(400);
3execFile("ping", ["-c", "1", host], onResult);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

github.com/chamilo/chamilo-lms/commit/37be9ce7243a30259047dd4517c48ff8b21d657a

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records