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NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2023-29198: Context isolation bypass via nested unserializable return value in Electron

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 34/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.59% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • Fixed version: electron (npm) 23.2.3, 24.0.1, 25.0.0-alpha.2.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 6.0, NVD 8.5.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to electron (npm) 23.2.3, 24.0.1, 25.0.0-alpha.2 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

Electron is a framework which lets you write cross-platform desktop applications using JavaScript, HTML and CSS. Electron apps using `contextIsolation` and `contextBridge` are affected. This is a context isolation bypass, meaning that code running in the main world context in the renderer can reach into the isolated Electron context and perform privileged actions. This issue is only exploitable if an API exposed to the main world via `contextBridge` can return an object or array that contains a javascript object which cannot be serialized, for instance, a canvas rendering context. This would normally result in an exception being thrown `Error: object could not be cloned`. The app side workaround is to ensure that such a case is not possible. Ensure all values returned from a function exposed over the context bridge are supported. This issue has been fixed in versions `25.0.0-alpha.2`, `24.0.1`, `23.2.3`, and `22.3.6`.

HighCVSS 8.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Sep 6, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.5% · 48th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

34

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
34 / 40 · 8.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.5%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
8.5
CNA · GitHub_M
6.0
2.5 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2023-29198

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
electronjselectron

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • electronjs electronbefore 22.3.6
  • electronjs electron23.0.0 and later · before 23.2.3
  • electronjs electron24.0.0
  • electronjs electron25.0.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • electron electron

    • < 22.3.6, >= 23.0.0, < 23.2.3, >= 24.0.0, < 24.0.1, >= 25.0.0-alpha.1, < 25.0.0-alpha.2affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
npmelectronfrom 23.0.0-alpha.1 · before 23.2.323.2.3
npmelectronfrom 24.0.0-alpha.1 · before 24.0.124.0.1
npmelectronfrom 25.0.0-alpha.1 · before 25.0.0-alpha.225.0.0-alpha.2
npmelectronbefore 22.3.622.3.6

Same product

electronjs: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2017-16151Based on details posted by the ElectronJS team; A remote code execution vulnerability has been discovered in Google Chromium that affects al
    40Plan
  • CVE-2026-102676Electron: <webview> can enable Node.js integration in Web Workers despite embedder restrictions
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2026-34775Electron: nodeIntegrationInWorker not correctly scoped in shared renderer processes
    39Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2022-36077Nov 8, 2022 · Electron subject to Exfiltration of hashed SMB credentials on Windows via file:// redirect
    24Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-23623Sep 6, 2023 · Content-Secrity-Policy disabling eval not applied consistently in renderers with sandbox disabled in Electron
    39Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2023-39956Sep 6, 2023 · Electron: Out-of-package code execution when launched with arbitrary cwd
    26Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
npm:electron22.3.6Package registry (OSV)
npm:electron23.2.3Package registry (OSV)
npm:electron24.0.1Package registry (OSV)
npm:electron25.0.0-alpha.2Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted

Impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component (scope changes).

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-754 · Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records