WordPress Core < 6.2.1 - Directory Traversal
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Plan (action score 45/100)
- A ready-made attack module is public (Nuclei); exploiting it takes no special expertise.
- Public proof-of-concept code exists (Exploit-DB, GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 79.3% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 99.6% of all records.
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
- Fixed version: WordPress Foundation WordPress 4.1.38, 4.2.35, 4.3.31.
Add it to your regular patch cycle. Upgrade to WordPress Foundation WordPress 4.1.38, 4.2.35, 4.3.31 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
WordPress Core is vulnerable to Directory Traversal in versions up to, and including, 6.2, via the ‘wp_lang’ parameter. This allows unauthenticated attackers to access and load arbitrary translation files. In cases where an attacker is able to upload a crafted translation file onto the site, such as via an upload form, this could be also used to perform a Cross-Site Scripting attack.
- Published
- May 17, 2023
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2026
- EPSS
- 79.3% · 99th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-22
Report tools
Action score
45
Plan
Add it to your regular patch cycle.
- CVSS
- 21 / 40 · 5.4 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 24 / 30 · 79.3%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- —
- CNA · Wordfence
- 5.4
- NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| wordpress | wordpress | cpe:2.3:a:wordpress:wordpress |
Using wordpress? Add it to your stack and be the first to know about CVEs like this one. (WordPress)
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- wordpress wordpressbefore 4.1.38
- wordpress wordpress4.2 and later · before 4.2.35
- wordpress wordpress4.3 and later · before 4.3.31
- wordpress wordpress4.4 and later · before 4.4.30
- wordpress wordpress4.5 and later · before 4.5.29
- wordpress wordpress4.6 and later · before 4.6.26
- wordpress wordpress4.7 and later · before 4.7.26
- wordpress wordpress4.8 and later · before 4.8.22
- wordpress wordpress4.9 and later · before 4.9.23
- wordpress wordpress5.0 and later · before 5.0.19
- wordpress wordpress5.1 and later · before 5.1.16
- wordpress wordpress5.2 and later · before 5.2.18
- wordpress wordpress5.3 and later · before 5.3.15
- wordpress wordpress5.4 and later · before 5.4.13
- wordpress wordpress5.5 and later · before 5.5.12
- wordpress wordpress5.6 and later · before 5.6.11
- wordpress wordpress5.7 and later · before 5.7.9
- wordpress wordpress5.8 and later · before 5.8.7
- wordpress wordpress5.9 and later · before 5.9.6
- wordpress wordpress6.0 and later · before 6.0.4
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Wordfence). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
WordPress Foundation WordPress
- before 4.1.38affected · semver
- 4.2 and later · before 4.2.35affected · semver
- 4.3 and later · before 4.3.31affected · semver
- 4.4 and later · before 4.4.30affected · semver
- 4.5 and later · before 4.5.29affected · semver
- 4.6 and later · before 4.6.26affected · semver
- 4.7 and later · before 4.7.26affected · semver
- 4.8 and later · before 4.8.22affected · semver
- 4.9 and later · before 4.9.23affected · semver
- 5.0 and later · before 5.0.19affected · semver
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:10 | wordpress | before 5.0.19+dfsg1-0+deb10u1 | 5.0.19+dfsg1-0+deb10u1 |
| Debian:11 | wordpress | before 5.7.11+dfsg1-0+deb11u1 | 5.7.11+dfsg1-0+deb11u1 |
| Debian:12 | wordpress | before 6.1.6+dfsg1-0+deb12u1 | 6.1.6+dfsg1-0+deb12u1 |
| Debian:13 | wordpress | before 6.2.1+dfsg1-1 | 6.2.1+dfsg1-1 |
Same product
wordpress: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2026-87902An unauthenticated attacker can make `get_page_template()` page-template resolution include a chosen readable local `.php` file outside the KEV74This week
- CVE-2026-63030WordPress < 7.0.2 - REST API batch-route confusion and SQL injection issue leading to Remote Code ExecutionKEV72This week
- CVE-2026-60137WordPress < 7.0.2 - Facilitated SQL Injection via author__not_in in WP_QueryKEV60This week
Published before and after this one in the same product
- ← EarlierCVE-2022-3590Dec 14, 2022 · WP <= 6.1.1 - Unauthenticated Blind SSRF via DNS Rebinding24Monitor
- ← EarlierCVE-2023-22622Jan 4, 2023 · WordPress through 6.1.1 depends on unpredictable client visits to cause wp-cron.php execution and the resulting security updates, and the so22Monitor
- Later →CVE-2023-38000Oct 13, 2023 · Auth. Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in WordPress core and Gutenberg plugin via Navigation Links Block21Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 4.1.38 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 4.2.35 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 4.3.31 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 4.4.30 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 4.5.29 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 4.6.26 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 4.7.26 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 4.8.22 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 4.9.23 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 5.0.19 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 5.1.16 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 5.2.18 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 5.3.15 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 5.4.13 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 5.5.12 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 5.6.11 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 5.7.9 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 5.8.7 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 5.9.6 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 6.0.4 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 6.1.2 | Vendor (CNA) |
| WordPress Foundation WordPress | 6.2.1 | Vendor (CNA) |
| debian:wordpress | 6.1.6+dfsg1-0+deb12u1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
Proof of concept available
A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.
Evidence
- Exploit-DB entry ×1
- Nuclei detection template ×1
- Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1
Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.
| Source | Kind | Date |
|---|---|---|
| Nuclei detection template | Nuclei template CVE-2023-2745 | — |
| Exploit-DB entry | webapps | 2025-04-22 |
| Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub | stars:0 | 2025-10-22 |
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
- Published
- First PoC+706 d
- TodayOct 25, 2026+1257 d
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
- Ramuel Gallfinder
- Matt Rusnakfinder
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
The product’s vendor appears in a public program. Matched by name; verify the scope text in the program.
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- No user action is required.
- Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- low · data can be read
- Integrity
- low · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- none
Impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component (scope changes).
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- High
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Changed
- Confidentiality impact
- Low
- Integrity impact
- Low
- Availability impact
- None
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-22 · Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
nvd-secondary
Root cause
A user-supplied file name is joined with the allowed directory, but the result is never checked to confirm it is still inside that directory.
The bug in code
The whole CWE-22 classA representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.
Vulnerable
const file = path.join(ROOT, req.query.name);
res.sendFile(file);Fixed
const file = path.resolve(ROOT, req.query.name);
if (!file.startsWith(ROOT + path.sep)) {
return res.sendStatus(400);
}
res.sendFile(file);Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- Path TraversalCAPEC-126likelihood: High · Very High
- Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation LogicCAPEC-64likelihood: High · High
- Manipulating Web Input to File System CallsCAPEC-76likelihood: High · Very High
- Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate EncodingCAPEC-78likelihood: High · High
- Using Slashes in Alternate EncodingCAPEC-79likelihood: High · High
ATT&CK techniques
—
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
Show all references (6 more)Show less
- wordpress.org/news/2023/05/wordpress-6-2-1-maintenance-security-release/
- www.wordfence.com/blog/2023/05/wordpress-core-6-2-1-security-maintenance-release-what-you-need-to-know/
- www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/edcf46b6-368e-49c0-b2c3-99bf6e2d358f?source=cve
- packetstormsecurity.com/files/172426/WordPress-Core-6.2-XSS-CSRF-Directory-Traversal.html
- lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/06/msg00024.html
- www.exploit-db.com/exploits/52274
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.