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CVE-2023-2745· NVD / CVE Program· CNA Wordfence

WordPress Core < 6.2.1 - Directory Traversal

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Plan (action score 45/100)

  • A ready-made attack module is public (Nuclei); exploiting it takes no special expertise.
  • Public proof-of-concept code exists (Exploit-DB, GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 79.3% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 99.6% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
  • Fixed version: WordPress Foundation WordPress 4.1.38, 4.2.35, 4.3.31.

Add it to your regular patch cycle. Upgrade to WordPress Foundation WordPress 4.1.38, 4.2.35, 4.3.31 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

WordPress Core is vulnerable to Directory Traversal in versions up to, and including, 6.2, via the ‘wp_lang’ parameter. This allows unauthenticated attackers to access and load arbitrary translation files. In cases where an attacker is able to upload a crafted translation file onto the site, such as via an upload form, this could be also used to perform a Cross-Site Scripting attack.

MediumCVSS 5.4 · v3.1—Proof of concept Fix available
Published
May 17, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
79.3% · 99th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

45

Plan

Add it to your regular patch cycle.

CVSS
21 / 40 · 5.4 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
24 / 30 · 79.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
—
CNA · Wordfence
5.4
NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
wordpresswordpress

Using wordpress? Add it to your stack and be the first to know about CVEs like this one. (WordPress)

Watch new CVEs for wordpress

When you'll hear from us

  • when a new CVE affecting this product is published
  • when a record in your stack enters KEV or gets exploit code

One daily email digest (06:00 UTC); connect a webhook for KEV listings and weaponized exploits instantly.

Your free account also gets you

Running WordPress? Scan your site free with WP Lens

  • Stack alerts: add the products and versions you run, get the new CVEs that affect them
  • Uptime monitoring: 1 site, instant email when it goes down
  • Add your domain: subdomains and takeover risk scanned every week (1 domain)
  • 10 scans an hour on the security tools (3 a day without an account), an API key and MCP
  • All your scans in one panel: findings, what changed in the last scan, a report per domain or per client (PDF, share link)
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Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • wordpress wordpressbefore 4.1.38
  • wordpress wordpress4.2 and later · before 4.2.35
  • wordpress wordpress4.3 and later · before 4.3.31
  • wordpress wordpress4.4 and later · before 4.4.30
  • wordpress wordpress4.5 and later · before 4.5.29
  • wordpress wordpress4.6 and later · before 4.6.26
  • wordpress wordpress4.7 and later · before 4.7.26
  • wordpress wordpress4.8 and later · before 4.8.22
  • wordpress wordpress4.9 and later · before 4.9.23
  • wordpress wordpress5.0 and later · before 5.0.19
  • wordpress wordpress5.1 and later · before 5.1.16
  • wordpress wordpress5.2 and later · before 5.2.18
  • wordpress wordpress5.3 and later · before 5.3.15
  • wordpress wordpress5.4 and later · before 5.4.13
  • wordpress wordpress5.5 and later · before 5.5.12
  • wordpress wordpress5.6 and later · before 5.6.11
  • wordpress wordpress5.7 and later · before 5.7.9
  • wordpress wordpress5.8 and later · before 5.8.7
  • wordpress wordpress5.9 and later · before 5.9.6
  • wordpress wordpress6.0 and later · before 6.0.4

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Wordfence). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • WordPress Foundation WordPress

    • before 4.1.38affected · semver
    • 4.2 and later · before 4.2.35affected · semver
    • 4.3 and later · before 4.3.31affected · semver
    • 4.4 and later · before 4.4.30affected · semver
    • 4.5 and later · before 4.5.29affected · semver
    • 4.6 and later · before 4.6.26affected · semver
    • 4.7 and later · before 4.7.26affected · semver
    • 4.8 and later · before 4.8.22affected · semver
    • 4.9 and later · before 4.9.23affected · semver
    • 5.0 and later · before 5.0.19affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:10wordpressbefore 5.0.19+dfsg1-0+deb10u15.0.19+dfsg1-0+deb10u1
Debian:11wordpressbefore 5.7.11+dfsg1-0+deb11u15.7.11+dfsg1-0+deb11u1
Debian:12wordpressbefore 6.1.6+dfsg1-0+deb12u16.1.6+dfsg1-0+deb12u1
Debian:13wordpressbefore 6.2.1+dfsg1-16.2.1+dfsg1-1

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-87902An unauthenticated attacker can make `get_page_template()` page-template resolution include a chosen readable local `.php` file outside the KEV
    74This week
  • CVE-2026-63030WordPress < 7.0.2 - REST API batch-route confusion and SQL injection issue leading to Remote Code ExecutionKEV
    72This week
  • CVE-2026-60137WordPress < 7.0.2 - Facilitated SQL Injection via author__not_in in WP_QueryKEV
    60This week

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2022-3590Dec 14, 2022 · WP <= 6.1.1 - Unauthenticated Blind SSRF via DNS Rebinding
    24Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-22622Jan 4, 2023 · WordPress through 6.1.1 depends on unpredictable client visits to cause wp-cron.php execution and the resulting security updates, and the so
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2023-38000Oct 13, 2023 · Auth. Stored Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerability in WordPress core and Gutenberg plugin via Navigation Links Block
    21Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
WordPress Foundation WordPress4.1.38Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress4.2.35Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress4.3.31Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress4.4.30Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress4.5.29Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress4.6.26Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress4.7.26Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress4.8.22Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress4.9.23Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress5.0.19Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress5.1.16Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress5.2.18Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress5.3.15Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress5.4.13Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress5.5.12Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress5.6.11Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress5.7.9Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress5.8.7Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress5.9.6Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress6.0.4Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress6.1.2Vendor (CNA)
WordPress Foundation WordPress6.2.1Vendor (CNA)
debian:wordpress6.1.6+dfsg1-0+deb12u1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

Proof of concept available

A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.

Evidence

  • Exploit-DB entry ×1
  • Nuclei detection template ×1
  • Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
SourceKindDate
Nuclei detection templateNuclei template CVE-2023-2745 —
Exploit-DB entrywebapps2025-04-22
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02025-10-22

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Published
  2. First PoC+706 d
  3. TodayOct 25, 2026+1257 d
EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

The product’s vendor appears in a public program. Matched by name; verify the scope text in the program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality
low · data can be read
Integrity
low · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
none

Impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component (scope changes).

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
High
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality impact
Low
Integrity impact
Low
Availability impact
None

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

nvd-secondary

Root cause

A user-supplied file name is joined with the allowed directory, but the result is never checked to confirm it is still inside that directory.

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

ts
const file = path.join(ROOT, req.query.name);res.sendFile(file);

Fixed

ts
const file = path.resolve(ROOT, req.query.name);if (!file.startsWith(ROOT + path.sep)) {  return res.sendStatus(400);}res.sendFile(file);

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

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References

All records