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CVE-2023-23918· NVD / CVE Program· CNA hackerone

A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in Node.js <19.6.1, <18.14.1, <16.19.1 and <14.21.3 that made it possible to bypass the experime

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 2% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 80.6% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • Fixed version: NodeJS Node 10.*, 11.*, 12.*.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to NodeJS Node 10.*, 11.*, 12.* or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

A privilege escalation vulnerability exists in Node.js <19.6.1, <18.14.1, <16.19.1 and <14.21.3 that made it possible to bypass the experimental Permissions (https://nodejs.org/api/permissions.html) feature in Node.js and access non authorized modules by using process.mainModule.require(). This only affects users who had enabled the experimental permissions option with --experimental-policy.

HighCVSS 7.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Feb 23, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
2.0% · 80th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

31

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
30 / 40 · 7.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
1 / 30 · 2.0%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
none
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
nodejsnode.js

Using node.js? Add it to your stack and be the first to know about CVEs like this one. (Node.js)

Watch new CVEs for node.js

When you'll hear from us

  • when a new CVE affecting this product is published
  • when a record in your stack enters KEV or gets exploit code

One daily email digest (06:00 UTC); connect a webhook for KEV listings and weaponized exploits instantly.

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Running WordPress? Scan your site free with WP Lens

  • Stack alerts: add the products and versions you run, get the new CVEs that affect them
  • Uptime monitoring: 1 site, instant email when it goes down
  • Add your domain: subdomains and takeover risk scanned every week (1 domain)
  • 10 scans an hour on the security tools (3 a day without an account), an API key and MCP
  • All your scans in one panel: findings, what changed in the last scan, a report per domain or per client (PDF, share link)
All free tools

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Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • nodejs node.js14.0.0 and later · up to 14.14.0 inclusive
  • nodejs node.js14.0.0 and later · before 14.21.3
  • nodejs node.js16.0.0 and later · up to 16.12.0 inclusive
  • nodejs node.js16.0.0 and later · before 16.19.1
  • nodejs node.js18.0.0 and later · up to 18.11.0 inclusive
  • nodejs node.js18.0.0 and later · before 18.14.1
  • nodejs node.js19.0.0 and later · before 19.6.1

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (hackerone). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • NodeJS Node

    • 4.0 and later · before 4.*affected · semver
    • 5.0 and later · before 5.*affected · semver
    • 6.0 and later · before 6.*affected · semver
    • 7.0 and later · before 7.*affected · semver
    • 8.0 and later · before 8.*affected · semver
    • 9.0 and later · before 9.*affected · semver
    • 10.0 and later · before 10.*affected · semver
    • 11.0 and later · before 11.*affected · semver
    • 12.0 and later · before 12.*affected · semver
    • 13.0 and later · before 13.*affected · semver

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
AlmaLinux:8nodejsbefore 1:18.14.2-2.module_el8.7.0+3497+c65299e71:18.14.2-2.module_el8.7.0+3497+c65299e7
AlmaLinux:8nodejsbefore 1:16.19.1-1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a33241:16.19.1-1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a3324
AlmaLinux:8nodejsbefore 1:14.21.3-1.module_el8.7.0+3551+53700ee81:14.21.3-1.module_el8.7.0+3551+53700ee8
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-develbefore 1:18.14.2-2.module_el8.7.0+3497+c65299e71:18.14.2-2.module_el8.7.0+3497+c65299e7
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-develbefore 1:16.19.1-1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a33241:16.19.1-1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a3324
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-develbefore 1:14.21.3-1.module_el8.7.0+3551+53700ee81:14.21.3-1.module_el8.7.0+3551+53700ee8
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-docsbefore 1:14.21.3-1.module_el8.7.0+3551+53700ee81:14.21.3-1.module_el8.7.0+3551+53700ee8
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-docsbefore 1:18.14.2-2.module_el8.7.0+3497+c65299e71:18.14.2-2.module_el8.7.0+3497+c65299e7
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-docsbefore 1:16.19.1-1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a33241:16.19.1-1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a3324
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-full-i18nbefore 1:16.19.1-1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a33241:16.19.1-1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a3324
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-full-i18nbefore 1:18.14.2-2.module_el8.7.0+3497+c65299e71:18.14.2-2.module_el8.7.0+3497+c65299e7
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-full-i18nbefore 1:14.21.3-1.module_el8.7.0+3551+53700ee81:14.21.3-1.module_el8.7.0+3551+53700ee8
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-nodemonbefore 2.0.20-3.module_el8.7.0+3551+53700ee82.0.20-3.module_el8.7.0+3551+53700ee8
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-nodemonbefore 2.0.20-3.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a33242.0.20-3.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a3324
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-nodemonbefore 2.0.20-2.module_el8.7.0+3497+c65299e72.0.20-2.module_el8.7.0+3497+c65299e7
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-packagingbefore 23-3.module_el8.4.0+2522+3bd4276223-3.module_el8.4.0+2522+3bd42762
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-packagingbefore 25-1.module_el8.5.0+2605+45d748af25-1.module_el8.5.0+2605+45d748af
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-packagingbefore 2021.06-4.module_el8.7.0+3343+ea2b79012021.06-4.module_el8.7.0+3343+ea2b7901
AlmaLinux:8nodejs-packaging-bundlerbefore 2021.06-4.module_el8.7.0+3343+ea2b79012021.06-4.module_el8.7.0+3343+ea2b7901
AlmaLinux:8npmbefore 1:9.5.0-1.18.14.2.2.module_el8.7.0+3497+c65299e71:9.5.0-1.18.14.2.2.module_el8.7.0+3497+c65299e7
AlmaLinux:8npmbefore 1:8.19.3-1.16.19.1.1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a33241:8.19.3-1.16.19.1.1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a3324
AlmaLinux:8npmbefore 1:6.14.18-1.14.21.3.1.module_el8.7.0+3551+53700ee81:6.14.18-1.14.21.3.1.module_el8.7.0+3551+53700ee8
AlmaLinux:9nodejsbefore 1:16.19.1-1.el9_21:16.19.1-1.el9_2
AlmaLinux:9nodejsbefore 1:18.14.2-2.module_el9.2.0+29+de583a0b1:18.14.2-2.module_el9.2.0+29+de583a0b

+96

Same product

nodejs: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2019-15605HTTP request smuggling in Node.js 10, 12, and 13 causes malicious payload delivery when transfer-encoding is malformed
    56Plan
  • CVE-2021-22883Node.js before 10.24.0, 12.21.0, 14.16.0, and 15.10.0 is vulnerable to a denial of service attack when too many connection attempts with an
    53Plan
  • CVE-2021-22930Node.js before 16.6.0, 14.17.4, and 12.22.4 is vulnerable to a use after free attack where an attacker might be able to exploit the memory c
    50Plan
  • CVE-2021-22931Node.js before 16.6.0, 14.17.4, and 12.22.4 is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution, XSS, Application crashes due to missing input validation
    46Plan
  • CVE-2020-8277A Node.js application that allows an attacker to trigger a DNS request for a host of their choice could trigger a Denial of Service in versi
    46Plan
  • CVE-2017-14849Node.js 8.5.0 before 8.6.0 allows remote attackers to access unintended files, because a change to ".." handling was incompatible with the p
    46Plan

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
NodeJS Node10.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node11.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node12.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node13.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node14.21.3Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node15.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node16.19.1Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node17.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node18.14.1Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node19.6.1Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node4.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node5.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node6.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node7.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node8.*Vendor (CNA)
NodeJS Node9.*Vendor (CNA)
almalinux:nodejs1:16.19.1-1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a3324 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-devel1:16.19.1-1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a3324 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-docs1:16.19.1-1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a3324 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-full-i18n1:16.19.1-1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a3324 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-libs1:16.19.1-1.el9_2 · AlmaLinux:9Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-nodemon2.0.20-3.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a3324 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-packaging25-1.module_el8.5.0+2605+45d748af · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:nodejs-packaging-bundler2021.06-4.module_el8.7.0+3343+ea2b7901 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:npm1:8.19.3-1.16.19.1.1.module_el8.7.0+3496+a59a3324 · AlmaLinux:8Package registry (OSV)
alpine:nodejs14.21.3-r0 · Alpine:v3.14Package registry (OSV)
debian:nodejs18.19.0+dfsg-6~deb12u1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:nodejs1212.22.12-150200.4.50.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.4Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:nodejs1414.21.3-150200.15.43.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.4Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:nodejs1616.19.1-150400.3.15.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.4Package registry (OSV)

+23

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

The product’s vendor appears in a public program. Matched by name; verify the scope text in the program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
none
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-863 · Incorrect Authorization

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records