NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2023-22745: Buffer Overlow in TSS2_RC_Decode in tpm2-tss

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 25/100)

The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.53% (FIRST EPSS).
Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
Fixed version: tpm2-tss (AlmaLinux:8) 2.3.2-5.el8; tpm2-tss-devel (AlmaLinux:8) 2.3.2-5.el8; tpm2-tss (AlmaLinux:9) 3.2.2-2.el9.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to tpm2-tss (AlmaLinux:8) 2.3.2-5.el8; tpm2-tss-devel (AlmaLinux:8) 2.3.2-5.el8; tpm2-tss (AlmaLinux:9) 3.2.2-2.el9 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

tpm2-tss is an open source software implementation of the Trusted Computing Group (TCG) Trusted Platform Module (TPM) 2 Software Stack (TSS2). In versions prior to 4.1.0-rc0, 4.0.1, and 3.2.2-rc1, `Tss2_RC_SetHandler` and `Tss2_RC_Decode` both index into `layer_handler` with an 8 bit layer number, but the array only has `TPM2_ERROR_TSS2_RC_LAYER_COUNT` entries, so trying to add a handler for higher-numbered layers or decode a response code with such a layer number reads/writes past the end of the buffer. This Buffer overrun, could result in arbitrary code execution. An example attack would be a MiTM bus attack that returns 0xFFFFFFFF for the RC. Given the common use case of TPM modules an attacker must have local access to the target machine with local system privileges which allows access to the TPM system. Usually TPM access requires administrative privilege. Versions 4.1.0-rc0, 4.0.1, and 3.2.2-rc1 fix the issue.

MediumCVSS 6.4 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Published: Jan 19, 2023
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 0.5% · 45th percentile
CWE: CWE-120

Report tools

JSON

Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 25 / 40 · 6.4 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.5%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: proof of concept
Automatable: no
Technical impact: total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: 6.4
CNA · GitHub_M: 6.4; agree

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
No public exploit code on record
A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
tpm2 software stack project	tpm2 software stack	cpe:2.3:a:tpm2_software_stack_project:tpm2_software_stack

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

tpm2 software stack project tpm2 software stackbefore 3.2.2
tpm2 software stack project tpm2 software stack4.0.0 and later · before 4.1.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

tpm2-software tpm2-tss
- < 4.0.1, < 3.2.2-rc0affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
AlmaLinux:8	tpm2-tss	before 2.3.2-5.el8	2.3.2-5.el8
AlmaLinux:8	tpm2-tss-devel	before 2.3.2-5.el8	2.3.2-5.el8
AlmaLinux:9	tpm2-tss	before 3.2.2-2.el9	3.2.2-2.el9
AlmaLinux:9	tpm2-tss-devel	before 3.2.2-2.el9	3.2.2-2.el9
Debian:12	tpm2-tss	before 3.2.1-3	3.2.1-3
openSUSE:Leap 15.4	tpm2-0-tss	before 2.4.5-150300.3.6.1	2.4.5-150300.3.6.1
openSUSE:Leap Micro 5.3	tpm2-0-tss	before 3.1.0-150400.3.3.1	3.1.0-150400.3.3.1
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos	tpm2-tss	before 0:2.3.2-5.el8	0:2.3.2-5.el8
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos	tpm2-tss-debuginfo	before 0:2.3.2-5.el8	0:2.3.2-5.el8
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos	tpm2-tss-debugsource	before 0:2.3.2-5.el8	0:2.3.2-5.el8
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos	tpm2-tss-devel	before 0:2.3.2-5.el8	0:2.3.2-5.el8
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos	tpm2-tss	before 0:3.2.2-2.el9	0:3.2.2-2.el9
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos	tpm2-tss-debuginfo	before 0:3.2.2-2.el9	0:3.2.2-2.el9
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos	tpm2-tss-debugsource	before 0:3.2.2-2.el9	0:3.2.2-2.el9
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::crb	tpm2-tss-devel	before 0:3.2.2-2.el9	0:3.2.2-2.el9
Red Hat:rhel_aus:8.6::baseos	tpm2-tss	before 0:2.3.2-5.el8_6	0:2.3.2-5.el8_6
Red Hat:rhel_aus:8.6::baseos	tpm2-tss-debuginfo	before 0:2.3.2-5.el8_6	0:2.3.2-5.el8_6
Red Hat:rhel_aus:8.6::baseos	tpm2-tss-debugsource	before 0:2.3.2-5.el8_6	0:2.3.2-5.el8_6
Red Hat:rhel_aus:8.6::baseos	tpm2-tss-devel	before 0:2.3.2-5.el8_6	0:2.3.2-5.el8_6
Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseos	tpm2-tss	before 0:2.3.2-5.el8_8	0:2.3.2-5.el8_8
Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseos	tpm2-tss-debuginfo	before 0:2.3.2-5.el8_8	0:2.3.2-5.el8_8
Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseos	tpm2-tss-debugsource	before 0:2.3.2-5.el8_8	0:2.3.2-5.el8_8
Red Hat:rhel_eus:8.8::baseos	tpm2-tss-devel	before 0:2.3.2-5.el8_8	0:2.3.2-5.el8_8
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3	tpm2-0-tss	before 3.1.0-150400.3.3.1	3.1.0-150400.3.3.1

Same product

tpm2 software stack project: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2020-24455Missing initialization of a variable in the TPM2 source may allow a privileged user to potentially enable an escalation of privilege via loc
26Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
almalinux:tpm2-tss	3.2.2-2.el9 · AlmaLinux:9	Package registry (OSV)
almalinux:tpm2-tss-devel	3.2.2-2.el9 · AlmaLinux:9	Package registry (OSV)
debian:tpm2-tss	3.2.1-3 · Debian:12	Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:tpm2-0-tss	3.1.0-150400.3.3.1 · openSUSE:Leap Micro 5.3	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:tpm2-tss	0:3.2.2-2.el9 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:tpm2-tss-debuginfo	0:3.2.2-2.el9 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:tpm2-tss-debugsource	0:3.2.2-2.el9 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:tpm2-tss-devel	0:3.2.2-2.el9 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:9::crb	Package registry (OSV)
suse:tpm2-0-tss	3.1.0-150400.3.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3	Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
Administrator privileges are required.
No user action is required.
Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Local
Attack complexity: High
Privileges required: High
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-120 · Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

When data is copied, the source length is not compared with the size of the destination buffer. Excess data overwrites adjacent memory.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-120 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1char buf[256];
2memcpy(buf, pkt->data, pkt->len);

Fixed

1char buf[256];
2if (pkt->len > sizeof(buf)) {
3  return -EINVAL;
4}
5memcpy(buf, pkt->data, pkt->len);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 28, 2026, 10:45 PM UTC

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

github.com/tpm2-software/tpm2-tss/commit/306490c8d848c367faa2d9df81f5e69dab46ffb5

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records