Improper input validition could lead to code injection
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 31/100)
- The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.21% (FIRST EPSS).
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
- According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.
- Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 4.0, NVD 7.8.
Low priority for now. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
An improper input validation vulnerability in the Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SEL-411L could allow a malicious actor to manipulate authorized users to click on a link that could allow undesired behavior. See product Instruction Manual Appendix A dated 20230830 for more details.
- Published
- Nov 30, 2023
- Updated
- Jun 17, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.2% · 11th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-20
Report tools
Action score
31
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.2%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- no
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- 7.8
- CNA · SEL
- 4.0
- 3.8 point gap
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- No public exploit code on record
- No fixed version yet
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| selinc | sel-411l firmware | cpe:2.3:o:selinc:sel-411l_firmware |
| selinc | sel-411l | cpe:2.3:h:selinc:sel-411l |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- selinc sel-411l firmwarer118-v0 and later · before r118-v4
- selinc sel-411l firmwarer119-v0 and later · before r119-v5
- selinc sel-411l firmwarer120-v0 and later · before r120-v6
- selinc sel-411l firmwarer121-v0 and later · before r121-v3
- selinc sel-411l firmwarer122-v0 and later · before r122-v3
- selinc sel-411l firmwarer123-v0 and later · before r123-v3
- selinc sel-411l firmwarer124-v0 and later · before r124-v3
- selinc sel-411l firmwarer125-v0 and later · before r125-v3
- selinc sel-411l firmwarer126-v0 and later · before r126-v4
- selinc sel-411l firmwarer127-v0 and later · before r127-v2
- selinc sel-411l firmwarer128-v0
- selinc sel-411l firmwarer129-v0
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (SEL). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories SEL-411L
- R118-V0 and later · before R118-V4affected
- R119-V0 and later · before R119-V5affected
- R120-V0 and later · before R120-V6affected
- R121-V0 and later · before R121-V3affected
- R122-V0 and later · before R122-V3affected
- R123-V0 and later · before R123-V3affected
- R124-V0 and later · before R124-V3affected
- R125-V0 and later · before R125-V3affected
- R126-V0 and later · before R126-V4affected
- R127-V0 and later · before R127-V2affected
Same product
selinc: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2023-2266Improper neutralization of input during web page generation could lead to cross-site scripting based attacks24Monitor
- CVE-2023-2265Improper restriction of rendered UI layers or frames could lead to clickjacking attack24Monitor
- CVE-2023-2267Improper input validation could lead to reflection injection attacks21Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
- Sushant Mane, Parul Sindhwad, Imran Jamadar & Dr. Faruk KaziCoE-CNDS Lab, VJTI, Mumbai, India.finder
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
- CVE-2023-22670 days apartImproper input validation could lead to reflection injection attacks21Monitor
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-20 · Improper Input ValidationCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- Buffer Overflow via Environment VariablesCAPEC-10likelihood: High · High
- Server Side Include (SSI) InjectionCAPEC-101likelihood: High · High
- Cross Zone ScriptingCAPEC-104likelihood: Medium · High
- Command Line Execution through SQL InjectionCAPEC-108likelihood: Low · Very High
- Object Relational Mapping InjectionCAPEC-109likelihood: Low · High
- SQL Injection through SOAP Parameter TamperingCAPEC-110likelihood: High · Very High
- Double EncodingCAPEC-120likelihood: Low · Medium
- Subverting Environment Variable ValuesCAPEC-13likelihood: High · Very High
ATT&CK techniques
- Obfuscated Files or InformationT1027
- Masquerading: Invalid Code SignatureT1036.001
- Steal Web Session CookieT1539
- Subvert Trust Controls: Code SigningT1553.002
- Impair Defenses:Impair Command History LoggingT1562.003
- Hijack Execution Flow:Dynamic Linker HijackingT1574.006
- Hijack Execution Flow:Path Interception by PATH Environment VariableT1574.007
Change log
No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.
References
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.