NVD / CVE Program· CNA CERTVDE

CVE-2023-1083: Welotec: improper access control in TK500v1 router series

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 39/100)

The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.67% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 52% of all records.
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
Fixed version: Welotec TK515L v2.3.0.r5542; Welotec TK515L Set v2.3.0.r5542; Welotec TK515L-W v2.3.0.r5542.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Welotec TK515L v2.3.0.r5542; Welotec TK515L Set v2.3.0.r5542; Welotec TK515L-W v2.3.0.r5542 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

An unauthenticated remote attacker who is aware of a MQTT topic name can send and receive messages, including GET/SET configuration commands, reboot commands and firmware updates.

CriticalCVSS 9.8 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Published: Apr 9, 2024
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 0.6% · 52th percentile
CWE: CWE-306

Report tools

JSON

Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 39 / 40 · 9.8 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.6%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: —
CNA · CERTVDE: 9.8; NVD has not scored this yet; the score shown is the CNA’s.

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
No public exploit code on record
A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
welotec	tk515l	cpe:2.3:h:welotec:tk515l
welotec	tk525l	cpe:2.3:h:welotec:tk525l
welotec	tk525u	cpe:2.3:h:welotec:tk525u
welotec	tk525w	cpe:2.3:h:welotec:tk525w
welotec	tk535l1	cpe:2.3:h:welotec:tk535l1

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (CERTVDE). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

Welotec TK515L
- before v2.3.0.r5542affected · semver
Welotec TK515L Set
- before v2.3.0.r5542affected · semver
Welotec TK515L-W
- before v2.3.0.r5542affected · semver
Welotec TK515L-W Set
- before v2.3.0.r5542affected · semver
Welotec TK525L
- before v2.3.0.r5542affected · semver
Welotec TK525L Set
- before v2.3.0.r5542affected · semver
Welotec TK525L-W
- before v2.3.0.r5542affected · semver
Welotec TK525L-W Set
- before v2.3.0.r5542affected · semver
Welotec TK525U
- before v2.3.0.r5542affected · semver
Welotec TK525U Set
- before v2.3.0.r5542affected · semver
Welotec TK525W
- before v2.3.0.r5542affected · semver
Welotec TK525W Set
- before v2.3.0.r5542affected · semver

Same product

welotec: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2023-1082Welotec: Command injection vulnerability in TK500v1 router series
35Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
Welotec TK515L	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)
Welotec TK515L Set	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)
Welotec TK515L-W	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)
Welotec TK515L-W Set	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)
Welotec TK525L	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)
Welotec TK525L Set	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)
Welotec TK525L-W	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)
Welotec TK525L-W Set	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)
Welotec TK525U	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)
Welotec TK525U Set	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)
Welotec TK525W	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)
Welotec TK525W Set	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)
Welotec TK535L1	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)
Welotec TK535L1 Set	v2.3.0.r5542	Vendor (CNA)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

BSIreporter

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

—

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

CVE-2023-10820 days apartWelotec: Command injection vulnerability in TK500v1 router series
35Monitor

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
No account or password is required.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: None
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-306 · Missing Authentication for Critical Function

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-secondary

Root cause

A function added for development or support ships to production without authentication. It often relies on the assumption that it is “only reachable from the internal network.”

The bug in code

The whole CWE-306 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1// Added for the support team
2app.post("/maintenance/reset", resetDevice);

Fixed

1if (config.maintenanceEnabled) {
2  app.post(
3    "/maintenance/reset",
4    requireSession, requireRole("admin"), resetDevice
5  );
6}

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 28, 2026, 10:09 PM UTC

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

cert.vde.com/en/advisories/VDE-2024-009

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records