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CVE-2022-50428· NVD / CVE Program· CNA Linux

ext4: fix off-by-one errors in fast-commit block filling

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.15% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: Linux Linux 18f28f13301d1afb8cea9c4ddcecdbff14488ec6, 48a6a66db82b8043d298a630f22c62d43550cae5, 5439ad45c0d0c8db41eb6f4dce6f778f15a5ee16.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 18f28f13301d1afb8cea9c4ddcecdbff14488ec6, 48a6a66db82b8043d298a630f22c62d43550cae5, 5439ad45c0d0c8db41eb6f4dce6f778f15a5ee16 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ext4: fix off-by-one errors in fast-commit block filling Due to several different off-by-one errors, or perhaps due to a late change in design that wasn't fully reflected in the code that was actually merged, there are several very strange constraints on how fast-commit blocks are filled with tlv entries: - tlvs must start at least 10 bytes before the end of the block, even though the minimum tlv length is 8. Otherwise, the replay code will ignore them. (BUG: ext4_fc_reserve_space() could violate this requirement if called with a len of blocksize - 9 or blocksize - 8. Fortunately, this doesn't seem to happen currently.) - tlvs must end at least 1 byte before the end of the block. Otherwise the replay code will consider them to be invalid. This quirk contributed to a bug (fixed by an earlier commit) where uninitialized memory was being leaked to disk in the last byte of blocks. Also, strangely these constraints don't apply to the replay code in e2fsprogs, which will accept any tlvs in the blocks (with no bounds checks at all, but that is a separate issue...). Given that this all seems to be a bug, let's fix it by just filling blocks with tlv entries in the natural way. Note that old kernels will be unable to replay fast-commit journals created by kernels that have this commit.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Oct 1, 2025
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.1% · 4th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.1%

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • linux linux kernel5.10 and later · before 5.15.87
  • linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.0.18
  • linux linux kernel6.1 and later · before 6.1.4

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Linux Linux

    • 5.10affected
    • aa75f4d3daaeb1389b9cce9d6b84401eaf228d4e and later · before 18f28f13301d1afb8cea9c4ddcecdbff14488ec6affected · git
    • aa75f4d3daaeb1389b9cce9d6b84401eaf228d4e and later · before 5ca65dffdead16572ca046c43fb576b227f7f635affected · git
    • aa75f4d3daaeb1389b9cce9d6b84401eaf228d4e and later · before 5439ad45c0d0c8db41eb6f4dce6f778f15a5ee16affected · git
    • aa75f4d3daaeb1389b9cce9d6b84401eaf228d4e and later · before 48a6a66db82b8043d298a630f22c62d43550cae5affected · git
    • before 5.10not affected · semver
    • 5.15.87 and later · up to and including 5.15.*not affected · semver
    • 6.0.18 and later · up to and including 6.0.*not affected · semver
    • 6.1.4 and later · up to and including 6.1.*not affected · semver
    • 6.2 and laternot affected · original_commit_for_fix

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 6.1.4-16.1.4-1

Same product

linux: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV
    89Now
  • CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV
    85Now
  • CVE-2016-5195Race condition in mm/gup.c in the Linux kernel 2.x through 4.x before 4.8.3 allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging incorrect haKEV
    83Now

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-39912Oct 1, 2025 · nfs/localio: restore creds before releasing pageio data
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2025-39913Oct 1, 2025 · tcp_bpf: Call sk_msg_free() when tcp_bpf_send_verdict() fails to allocate psock->cork.
    31Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2025-39914Oct 1, 2025 · tracing: Silence warning when chunk allocation fails in trace_pid_write
    22Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Linux Linux18f28f13301d1afb8cea9c4ddcecdbff14488ec6Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux48a6a66db82b8043d298a630f22c62d43550cae5Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux5439ad45c0d0c8db41eb6f4dce6f778f15a5ee16Vendor (CNA)
Linux Linux5ca65dffdead16572ca046c43fb576b227f7f635Vendor (CNA)
debian:linux6.1.4-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

  • CVE-2026-53088266 days apartnet: bcmgenet: fix off-by-one in bcmgenet_put_txcb
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2026-53309268 days apartocfs2/dlm: fix off-by-one in dlm_match_regions() region comparison
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2026-64047291 days apartnet: tls: fix off-by-one in sg_chain entry count for wrapped sk_msg ring
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2024-57990217 days apartwifi: mt76: mt7925: fix off by one in mt7925_load_clc()
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2026-52907251 days apartmedia: rockchip: rkcif: fix off by one bugs
    31Monitor
  • CVE-2026-53036266 days apartbpf, arm64: Fix off-by-one in check_imm signed range check
    31Monitor

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-193 · Off-by-one Error

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (3 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records