NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2022-41966: XStream Denial of Service via stack overflow

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 33/100)

Public proof-of-concept code exists (GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 9.3% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 95.4% of all records.
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
Fixed version: x-stream xstream 1.4.20.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to x-stream xstream 1.4.20 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

XStream serializes Java objects to XML and back again. Versions prior to 1.4.20 may allow a remote attacker to terminate the application with a stack overflow error, resulting in a denial of service only via manipulation the processed input stream. The attack uses the hash code implementation for collections and maps to force recursive hash calculation causing a stack overflow. This issue is patched in version 1.4.20 which handles the stack overflow and raises an InputManipulationException instead. A potential workaround for users who only use HashMap or HashSet and whose XML refers these only as default map or set, is to change the default implementation of java.util.Map and java.util per the code example in the referenced advisory. However, this implies that your application does not care about the implementation of the map and all elements are comparable.

HighCVSS 7.5 · v3.1—Proof of concept Fix available

Published: Dec 27, 2022
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 9.3% · 95th percentile
CWE: CWE-120

Report tools

JSON

Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 30 / 40 · 7.5 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 3 / 30 · 9.3%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: proof of concept
Automatable: yes
Technical impact: partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD: 7.5
CNA · GitHub_M: 8.2; 0.7 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
Proof of concept exists, no weaponized module
A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
xstream	xstream	cpe:2.3:a:xstream:xstream

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

xstream xstreambefore 1.4.20

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

x-stream xstream
- < 1.4.20affected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
Debian:10	libxstream-java	before 1.4.11.1-1+deb10u4	1.4.11.1-1+deb10u4
Debian:11	libxstream-java	before 1.4.15-3+deb11u2	1.4.15-3+deb11u2
Debian:12	libxstream-java	before 1.4.20-1	1.4.20-1
Maven	com.thoughtworks.xstream:xstream	before 1.4.20	1.4.20
openSUSE:Leap 15.4	xstream	before 1.4.20-150200.3.25.1	1.4.20-150200.3.25.1
openSUSE:Tumbleweed	xstream	before 1.4.20-1.1	1.4.20-1.1
Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.11::el8	jenkins	before 0:2.401.1.1686831596-3.el8	0:2.401.1.1686831596-3.el8
Red Hat:ocp_tools:4.11::el8	jenkins-2-plugins	before 0:4.11.1686831822-1.el8	0:4.11.1686831822-1.el8
Red Hat:openshift:4.10::el8	jenkins	before 0:2.401.1.1685677065-1.el8	0:2.401.1.1685677065-1.el8
Red Hat:openshift:4.10::el8	jenkins-2-plugins	before 0:4.10.1685679861-1.el8	0:4.10.1685679861-1.el8
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP4	xstream	before 1.4.20-150200.3.25.1	1.4.20-150200.3.25.1

Same product

xstream: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2021-39144XStream is vulnerable to a Remote Command Execution attackKEV
93Now
CVE-2019-10173It was found that xstream API version 1.4.10 before 1.4.11 introduced a regression for a previous deserialization flaw.
68This week
CVE-2013-7285Xstream API versions up to 1.4.6 and version 1.4.10, if the security framework has not been initialized, may allow a remote attacker to run
64This week

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2021-43859Feb 1, 2022 · Denial of Service by injecting highly recursive collections or maps in XStream
32Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2022-40151Sep 16, 2022 · Stack Buffer Overflow in xstream
31Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2022-40152Sep 16, 2022 · Stack Buffer Overflow in Woodstox
35Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
x-stream xstream	1.4.20 · description	Vendor (CNA)
debian:libxstream-java	1.4.20-1 · Debian:12	Package registry (OSV)
Maven:com.thoughtworks.xstream:xstream	1.4.20	Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:xstream	1.4.20-150200.3.25.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.4	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jenkins	0:2.401.1.1685677065-1.el8 · Red Hat:openshift:4.10::el8	Package registry (OSV)
red hat:jenkins-2-plugins	0:4.10.1685679861-1.el8 · Red Hat:openshift:4.10::el8	Package registry (OSV)
suse:xstream	1.4.20-150200.3.25.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP4	Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

Proof of concept available

A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.

Evidence

Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
Source	Kind	Date
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:3	2023-01-06

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

PublishedDec 27, 2022
First PoCJan 6, 2023+9 d
TodayNov 8, 2026+1412 d

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
No account or password is required.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: none
Integrity: none
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: None
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: None
Integrity impact: None
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-120 · Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

When data is copied, the source length is not compared with the size of the destination buffer. Excess data overwrites adjacent memory.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-120 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1char buf[256];
2memcpy(buf, pkt->data, pkt->len);

Fixed

1char buf[256];
2if (pkt->len > sizeof(buf)) {
3  return -EINVAL;
4}
5memcpy(buf, pkt->data, pkt->len);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

—

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 28, 2026, 10:45 PM UTC

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

github.com/x-stream/xstream/security/advisories/GHSA-j563-grx4-pjpv

Show all references (1 more)

security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230216-0005/

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records