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NVD / CVE Program· CNA redhat

CVE-2022-1274: A flaw was found in Keycloak in the execute-actions-email endpoint.

MediumCVSS 5.4 · v3.1—Proof of concept Fix available

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 21/100)

  • Public proof-of-concept code exists (GitHub); there is no record of exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.69% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 53.5% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. A user must open a link or visit a page. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: org.keycloak:keycloak-services (Maven) 20.0.5; rh-sso7-keycloak (Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7) 0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso; rh-sso7-keycloak-server (Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7) 0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to org.keycloak:keycloak-services (Maven) 20.0.5; rh-sso7-keycloak (Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7) 0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso; rh-sso7-keycloak-server (Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7) 0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

A flaw was found in Keycloak in the execute-actions-email endpoint. This issue allows arbitrary HTML to be injected into emails sent to Keycloak users and can be misused to perform phishing or other attacks against users.

Published
Mar 29, 2023
Updated
Jun 17, 2026
EPSS
0.6% · 53th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

21

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
21 / 40 · 5.4 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.6%

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  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • Proof of concept exists, no weaponized module
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2022-1274

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
redhatkeycloak
redhatsingle sign-on
redhatenterprise linux
redhatopenshift container platform
redhatenterprise linux for ibm z systems
redhatenterprise linux for ibm z systems eus
redhatenterprise linux for power little endian
redhatenterprise linux for power little endian eus

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (redhat). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • n/a keycloak

    • unknownaffected
Affected versions · NVD (5)

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • redhat keycloakbefore 20.0.5
  • redhat openshift container platform4.10
  • redhat openshift container platform4.9
  • redhat single sign-onall versions
  • redhat single sign-on7.6 and later · before 7.6.2

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Mavenorg.keycloak:keycloak-servicesbefore 20.0.520.0.5
Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7rh-sso7-keycloakbefore 0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso
Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7rh-sso7-keycloak-serverbefore 0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso
Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el8rh-sso7-keycloakbefore 0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el8sso0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el8sso
Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el8rh-sso7-keycloak-serverbefore 0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el8sso0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el8sso
Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el9rh-sso7-keycloakbefore 0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el9sso0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el9sso
Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el9rh-sso7-keycloak-serverbefore 0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el9sso0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el9sso

Same product

redhat: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2020-10770A flaw was found in Keycloak before 13.0.0, where it is possible to force the server to call out an unverified URL using the OIDC parameter…
    42Plan
  • CVE-2022-1245A privilege escalation flaw was found in the token exchange feature of keycloak.
    39Monitor
  • CVE-2019-14910A vulnerability was found in keycloak 7.x, when keycloak is configured with LDAP user federation and StartTLS is used instead of SSL/TLS…
    39Monitor

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-0091Jan 13, 2023 · A flaw was found in Keycloak, where it did not properly check client tokens for possible revocation in its client credential flow.
    15Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2023-0105Jan 13, 2023 · A flaw was found in Keycloak.
    26Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2022-4361Jul 7, 2023 · Keycloak, an open-source identity and access management solution, has a cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in the SAML or OIDC…
    24Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
Maven:org.keycloak:keycloak-services20.0.5Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-sso7-keycloak0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso · Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7Package registry (OSV)
red hat:rh-sso7-keycloak-server0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso · Red Hat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7.6::el7Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

Proof of concept available

A public proof of concept or detection signature exists. Exploit knowledge is out there; don't delay patching.

Evidence

  • Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
SourceKindDate
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02025-08-18

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Published
  2. First PoC+872 d
  3. TodayNov 12, 2026+1324 d

Not on record for this CVE: EPSS history · patch commit or PR link · researcher credit · variant or chain candidate · public bounty program.

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • A user must open a link or visit a page.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
low · data can be read
Integrity
low · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
none

Impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component (scope changes).

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
Required
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality impact
Low
Integrity impact
Low
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-80 · Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

ATT&CK techniques

—

References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records