can: j1939: fix errant WARN_ON_ONCE in j1939_session_deactivate
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)
- The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.59% (FIRST EPSS).
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
- According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
- Fixed version: Linux Linux 1740a1e45eee65099a92fb502e1e67e63aad277d, 5.10.168, 5.14.
- Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 7.5, NVD 5.5.
Low priority for now. Upgrade to Linux Linux 1740a1e45eee65099a92fb502e1e67e63aad277d, 5.10.168, 5.14 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: can: j1939: fix errant WARN_ON_ONCE in j1939_session_deactivate The conclusion "j1939_session_deactivate() should be called with a session ref-count of at least 2" is incorrect. In some concurrent scenarios, j1939_session_deactivate can be called with the session ref-count less than 2. But there is not any problem because it will check the session active state before session putting in j1939_session_deactivate_locked(). Here is the concurrent scenario of the problem reported by syzbot and my reproduction log. cpu0 cpu1 j1939_xtp_rx_eoma j1939_xtp_rx_abort_one j1939_session_get_by_addr [kref == 2] j1939_session_get_by_addr [kref == 3] j1939_session_deactivate [kref == 2] j1939_session_put [kref == 1] j1939_session_completed j1939_session_deactivate WARN_ON_ONCE(kref < 2) ===================================================== WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 21 at net/can/j1939/transport.c:1088 j1939_session_deactivate+0x5f/0x70 CPU: 1 PID: 21 Comm: ksoftirqd/1 Not tainted 5.14.0-rc7+ #32 Hardware name: QEMU Standard PC (i440FX + PIIX, 1996), BIOS 1.13.0-1ubuntu1 04/01/2014 RIP: 0010:j1939_session_deactivate+0x5f/0x70 Call Trace: j1939_session_deactivate_activate_next+0x11/0x28 j1939_xtp_rx_eoma+0x12a/0x180 j1939_tp_recv+0x4a2/0x510 j1939_can_recv+0x226/0x380 can_rcv_filter+0xf8/0x220 can_receive+0x102/0x220 ? process_backlog+0xf0/0x2c0 can_rcv+0x53/0xf0 __netif_receive_skb_one_core+0x67/0x90 ? process_backlog+0x97/0x2c0 __netif_receive_skb+0x22/0x80
- Published
- Mar 27, 2025
- Updated
- Oct 15, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.5% · 47th percentile
- CWE
- —
Report tools
Action score
22
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.5%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- yes
- Technical impact
- partial
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- 5.5
- CNA · Linux
- 7.5
- 2.0 point gap
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- No public exploit code on record
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| linux | linux kernel | cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel |
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- linux linux kernel5.4.138 and later · before 5.4.232
- linux linux kernel5.10.56 and later · before 5.10.168
- linux linux kernel5.13.8 and later · before 5.14
- linux linux kernel5.14.1 and later · before 5.15.93
- linux linux kernel5.16 and later · before 6.1.11
- linux linux kernel5.14
- linux linux kernel6.2
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Linux). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
Linux Linux
- 5e1fc537c1be332aef9621ca9146aeb3ba59522f, 5.14affected
- 7eef18c0479ba5d9f54fba30cd77c233ebca3eb1 and later · before 6950df42a03c9ac9290503ced3f371199cb68fa9affected · git
- 55dd22c5d029423f513fd849e633adf0e9c10d0c and later · before b6d44072117bba057d50f7a2f96e5d070c65926daffected · git
- 0c71437dd50dd687c15d8ca80b3b68f10bb21d63 and later · before 9ab896775f98ff54b68512f345eed178bf961084affected · git
- 0c71437dd50dd687c15d8ca80b3b68f10bb21d63 and later · before 1740a1e45eee65099a92fb502e1e67e63aad277daffected · git
- 0c71437dd50dd687c15d8ca80b3b68f10bb21d63 and later · before d0553680f94c49bbe0e39eb50d033ba563b4212daffected · git
- 5.4.138 and later · before 5.4.232affected · semver
- 5.10.56 and later · before 5.10.168affected · semver
- 5.13.8 and later · before 5.14affected · semver
- before 5.14not affected · semver
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:12 | linux | before 6.1.11-1 | 6.1.11-1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | kernel-64kb | before 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | kernel-docs | before 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | kernel-obs-build | before 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | kernel-source | before 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | kernel-syms | before 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS | kernel-64kb | before 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS | kernel-docs | before 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS | kernel-obs-build | before 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP5-ESPOS | kernel-syms | before 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_39 | before 1-150400.9.3.1 | 1-150400.9.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5 | kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_25 | before 1-150500.11.3.1 | 1-150500.11.3.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | kernel-default | before 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | kernel-default-base | before 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1.150400.24.80.1 | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1.150400.24.80.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | kernel-rt | before 5.14.21-150400.15.115.1 | 5.14.21-150400.15.115.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | kernel-source-rt | before 5.14.21-150400.15.115.1 | 5.14.21-150400.15.115.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | kernel-default | before 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | kernel-default-base | before 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1.150500.6.47.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1.150500.6.47.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | kernel-rt | before 5.14.21-150500.13.91.1 | 5.14.21-150500.13.91.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | kernel-source | before 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | kernel-source-rt | before 5.14.21-150500.13.91.1 | 5.14.21-150500.13.91.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS | kernel-zfcpdump | before 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5-LTSS | kernel-zfcpdump | before 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 | 5.14.21-150500.55.100.1 |
Same product
linux: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2022-0847A flaw was found in the way the "flags" member of the new pipe buffer structure was lacking proper initialization in copy_page_to_iter_pipe KEV89Now
- CVE-2021-22555Heap Out-Of-Bounds Write in Netfilter IP6T_SO_SET_REPLACEKEV85Now
- CVE-2016-5195Race condition in mm/gup.c in the Linux kernel 2.x through 4.x before 4.8.3 allows local users to gain privileges by leveraging incorrect haKEV83Now
Published before and after this one in the same product
- ← EarlierCVE-2025-21889Mar 27, 2025 · perf/core: Add RCU read lock protection to perf_iterate_ctx()22Monitor
- ← EarlierCVE-2025-21890Mar 27, 2025 · idpf: fix checksums set in idpf_rx_rsc()22Monitor
- Later →CVE-2022-49743Mar 27, 2025 · ovl: Use "buf" flexible array for memcpy() destination22Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Linux Linux | 1740a1e45eee65099a92fb502e1e67e63aad277d | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 5.10.168 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 5.14 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 5.4.232 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 6950df42a03c9ac9290503ced3f371199cb68fa9 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | 9ab896775f98ff54b68512f345eed178bf961084 | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | b6d44072117bba057d50f7a2f96e5d070c65926d | Vendor (CNA) |
| Linux Linux | d0553680f94c49bbe0e39eb50d033ba563b4212d | Vendor (CNA) |
| debian:linux | 6.1.11-1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-64kb | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default-base | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1.150400.24.80.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-docs | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP4_Update_39 | 1-150400.9.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP4 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-livepatch-SLE15-SP5_Update_25 | 1-150500.11.3.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Live Patching 15 SP5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-obs-build | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-rt | 5.14.21-150500.13.91.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-source | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-source-rt | 5.14.21-150500.13.91.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Micro 5.5 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-syms | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP4-ESPOS | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-zfcpdump | 5.14.21-150400.24.161.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP4-LTSS | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- none
- Integrity
- none
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
- Attack vector
- Local
- Attack complexity
- Low
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- None
- Integrity impact
- None
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
—
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.
Change log
- SSVC exploitation— → none
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
Show all references (4 more)Show less
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.