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NVD / CVE Program· CNA GitHub_M

CVE-2021-41277: GeoJSON URL validation can expose server files and environment variables to unauthorized users

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Now (action score 89/100)

  • CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild (Nov 12, 2024). Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Dec 3, 2024.
  • A ready-made attack module is public (Nuclei); exploiting it takes no special expertise.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 97.1% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 99.8% of all records.
  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
  • No fixed version is recorded, but the references include a patch (commit or PR) link.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 10.0, NVD 7.5.

Patch today or shut off access. See the fix and affected versions sections below.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · CISA KEV · FIRST EPSS

Metabase is an open source data analytics platform. In affected versions a security issue has been discovered with the custom GeoJSON map (`admin->settings->maps->custom maps->add a map`) support and potential local file inclusion (including environment variables). URLs were not validated prior to being loaded. This issue is fixed in a new maintenance release (0.40.5 and 1.40.5), and any subsequent release after that. If you’re unable to upgrade immediately, you can mitigate this by including rules in your reverse proxy or load balancer or WAF to provide a validation filter before the application.

HighCVSS 7.5 · v3.1KEVWeaponized No fix recorded
Published
Nov 17, 2021
Updated
Oct 8, 2026
EPSS
97.1% · 99th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

89

Now

Patch today or shut off access.

CVSS
30 / 40 · 7.5 / 10
CISA KEV
30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS
29 / 30 · 97.1%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
active
Automatable
yes
Technical impact
total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
7.5
CNA · GitHub_M
10.0
2.5 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Nov 12, 2024. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Dec 3, 2024.

Get told when this record changes

  • In CISA KEV: exploitation in the wild confirmed
  • Weaponized exploit exists
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2021-41277

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

One daily email digest (06:00 UTC); connect a webhook for KEV listings and weaponized exploits instantly.

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
metabasemetabase

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • metabase metabase0.40.0
  • metabase metabase0.40.1
  • metabase metabase0.40.2
  • metabase metabase0.40.3
  • metabase metabase0.40.4
  • metabase metabase1.40.0
  • metabase metabase1.40.1
  • metabase metabase1.40.2
  • metabase metabase1.40.3
  • metabase metabase1.40.4

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • metabase metabase

    • < 0.40.5, >= 1.0.0, < 1.40.5affected

Same product

metabase: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2026-72898Metabase SQL injection via password reset endpointKEV
    100Now
  • CVE-2023-38646Metabase open source before 0.46.6.1 and Metabase Enterprise before 1.46.6.1 allow attackers to execute arbitrary commands on the server, at
    69This week
  • CVE-2026-72899Metabase SQL injection via public card or dashboard
    40Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2018-0697Nov 15, 2018 · Cross-site scripting vulnerability in Metabase version 0.29.3 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary web script or HTML via
    24Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2022-24853Apr 14, 2022 · File system exposure in Metabase
    22Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2022-24854Apr 14, 2022 · Database bypassing any permissions in Metabase via SQlite attach
    35Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Evidence

  • Nuclei detection template ×1
  • Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×12

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
SourceKindDate
Nuclei detection templateNuclei template CVE-2021-41277 —
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:112021-11-21
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02021-11-22
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02021-11-22
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:52021-11-22
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02021-11-23
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:42021-11-23
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02021-11-24
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:92021-12-06
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:42022-01-10
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:02022-01-19
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHubstars:12022-03-11

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Published
  2. First PoC+3 d
  3. CISA KEV+1090 d
  4. TodayOct 27, 2026+1805 d
EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
  • No account or password is required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
none
Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-200 · Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

nvd-primary

Root cause

The extension requests broader permissions than its function needs and sends the data it collects out for purposes beyond its stated function.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-200 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

json
{  "permissions": ["tabs", "<all_urls>"],  "background": { "service_worker": "analytics.js" }}

Fixed

json
{  "permissions": ["activeTab"],  "host_permissions": ["https://yildiz.example/*"]}

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records