NVD / CVE Program· CNA redhat

CVE-2021-40693: An authentication bypass risk was identified in the external database authentication functionality, due to a type juggling vulnerability.

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 26/100)

The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.80% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 56.4% of all records.
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
Fixed version: moodle/moodle (Packagist) 3.10.7, 3.11.3, 3.9.10.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to moodle/moodle (Packagist) 3.10.7, 3.11.3, 3.9.10 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

MediumCVSS 6.5 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available

Auth bypass

GHSA-2jxg-mv2m-j4r7

Published: Sep 28, 2022
Updated: Jun 17, 2026
EPSS: 0.8% · 56th percentile
CWE: CWE-287

Report tools

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Action score

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS: 26 / 40 · 6.5 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 0 / 30 · 0.8%

Get told when this record changes

Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
No public exploit code on record
A fix has been released

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
moodle	moodle	cpe:2.3:a:moodle:moodle

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

moodle moodlebefore 3.9.10
moodle moodle3.10.0 and later · before 3.10.7
moodle moodle3.11.0 and later · before 3.11.3

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (redhat). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

n/a moodle
- 3.11 to 3.11.2, 3.10 to 3.10.6, 3.9 to 3.9.9 and earlier unsupported versionsaffected

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
Packagist	moodle/moodle	from 3.10 · before 3.10.7	3.10.7
Packagist	moodle/moodle	from 3.11 · before 3.11.3	3.11.3
Packagist	moodle/moodle	from 3.9 · before 3.9.10	3.9.10

Same product

moodle: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2024-43425Moodle: remote code execution via calculated question types
60This week
CVE-2021-36393In Moodle, an SQL injection risk was identified in the library fetching a user's recent courses.
55Plan
CVE-2022-0332A flaw was found in Moodle in versions 3.11 to 3.11.4.
52Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2021-40691Sep 28, 2022 · A session hijack risk was identified in the Shibboleth authentication plugin.
17Monitor
← EarlierCVE-2021-40692Sep 28, 2022 · Insufficient capability checks made it possible for teachers to download users outside of their courses.
17Monitor
Later →CVE-2021-40694Sep 28, 2022 · Insufficient escaping of the LaTeX preamble made it possible for site administrators to read files available to the HTTP server system accou
19Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / package	Fixed version	Source
Packagist:moodle/moodle	3.10.7	Package registry (OSV)
Packagist:moodle/moodle	3.11.3	Package registry (OSV)
Packagist:moodle/moodle	3.9.10	Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

—

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

CVE-2023-28329176 days apartMoodle: authenticated sql injection via availability check
35Monitor
CVE-2022-4515156 days apartThe stored-XSS vulnerability was discovered in Moodle which exists due to insufficient sanitization of user-supplied data in several "social
21Monitor

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
A low-privileged account is enough.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: none
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: none

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: None
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: None

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-287 · Improper Authentication

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

nvd-primary

Root cause

Authentication is added route by route instead of being enforced in one place. When a route added later bypasses the shared middleware, the session check never runs for it.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-287 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1app.use("/admin", requireSession, adminRouter);
2

3// Route added later skips the middleware
4app.post("/admin-api/config", updateConfig);

Fixed

1const admin = express.Router();
2admin.use(requireSession, requireRole("admin"));
3

4admin.post("/config", updateConfig);
5app.use("/admin", admin);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

Change log

Fix✗ → ✓Sep 28, 2026, 10:46 PM UTC

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References

bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2043417

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records