XStream is vulnerable to an Arbitrary Code Execution attack
Noroxi assessment
Priority: Monitor (action score 35/100)
- The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
- Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 4.7% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 91.8% of all records.
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
- According to CISA the attack is automatable: targets can be found by mass scanning.
- Fixed version: libxstream-java (Debian:10) 1.4.11.1-1+deb10u3; libxstream-java (Debian:11) 1.4.15-3+deb11u1; libxstream-java (Debian:12) 1.4.18-1.
- Mentioned 2 times in Turkish national cyber security advisories (siberguvenlik.gov.tr).
Low priority for now. Upgrade to libxstream-java (Debian:10) 1.4.11.1-1+deb10u3; libxstream-java (Debian:11) 1.4.15-3+deb11u1; libxstream-java (Debian:12) 1.4.18-1 or later.
Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it
Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS
XStream is a simple library to serialize objects to XML and back again. In affected versions this vulnerability may allow a remote attacker to load and execute arbitrary code from a remote host only by manipulating the processed input stream. No user is affected, who followed the recommendation to setup XStream's security framework with a whitelist limited to the minimal required types. XStream 1.4.18 uses no longer a blacklist by default, since it cannot be secured for general purpose.
- Published
- Aug 23, 2021
- Updated
- Oct 7, 2026
- EPSS
- 4.7% · 91th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-434
Report tools
Action score
35
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 34 / 40 · 8.5 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 1 / 30 · 4.7%
CISA SSVC decision
- Exploitation
- none
- Automatable
- yes
- Technical impact
- total
Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.
CNA vs NVD score
- NVD
- 8.5
- CNA · GitHub_M
- 8.5
- agree
The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.
Get told when this record changes
- Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
- No public exploit code on record
- A fix has been released
If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.
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Noroxi analysis
What does it mean in your environment?
The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.
We use this product, ask for helpAffected systems
Is your version affected?
Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| xstream | xstream | cpe:2.3:a:xstream:xstream |
| fedoraproject | fedora | cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora |
| debian | debian linux | cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux |
| netapp | snapmanager | cpe:2.3:a:netapp:snapmanager |
| oracle | business activity monitoring | cpe:2.3:a:oracle:business_activity_monitoring |
| oracle | commerce guided search | cpe:2.3:a:oracle:commerce_guided_search |
| oracle | communications billing and revenue management elastic charging engine | cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_billing_and_revenue_management_elastic_charging_engine |
| oracle | communications cloud native core automated test suite | cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_automated_test_suite |
| oracle | communications cloud native core binding support function | cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_binding_support_function |
| oracle | communications cloud native core policy | cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_cloud_native_core_policy |
| oracle | communications unified inventory management | cpe:2.3:a:oracle:communications_unified_inventory_management |
| oracle | retail xstore point of service | cpe:2.3:a:oracle:retail_xstore_point_of_service |
and 3 more
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- debian debian linux10.0
- debian debian linux11.0
- debian debian linux9.0
- fedoraproject fedora33
- fedoraproject fedora34
- fedoraproject fedora35
- netapp snapmanagerall versions
- oracle business activity monitoring12.2.1.4.0
- oracle commerce guided search11.3.2
- oracle communications billing and revenue management elastic charging engine11.3
- oracle communications billing and revenue management elastic charging engine12.0
- oracle communications cloud native core automated test suite1.9.0
- oracle communications cloud native core binding support function1.10.0
- oracle communications cloud native core policy1.14.0
- oracle communications unified inventory management7.3.4
- oracle communications unified inventory management7.3.5
- oracle communications unified inventory management7.4.0
- oracle communications unified inventory management7.4.1
- oracle communications unified inventory management7.4.2
- oracle retail xstore point of service16.0.6
Versions reported by the vendor
Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (GitHub_M). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.
x-stream xstream
- < 1.4.18affected
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:10 | libxstream-java | before 1.4.11.1-1+deb10u3 | 1.4.11.1-1+deb10u3 |
| Debian:11 | libxstream-java | before 1.4.15-3+deb11u1 | 1.4.15-3+deb11u1 |
| Debian:12 | libxstream-java | before 1.4.18-1 | 1.4.18-1 |
| Debian:9 | libxstream-java | before 1.4.11.1-1+deb9u4 | 1.4.11.1-1+deb9u4 |
| Maven | com.thoughtworks.xstream:xstream | before 1.4.18 | 1.4.18 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | xstream | before 1.4.18-lp152.2.12.1 | 1.4.18-lp152.2.12.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | xstream | before 1.4.18-3.14.1 | 1.4.18-3.14.1 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | xstream | before 0:1.3.1-16.el7_9 | 0:1.3.1-16.el7_9 |
| Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | xstream-javadoc | before 0:1.3.1-16.el7_9 | 0:1.3.1-16.el7_9 |
| SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP2 | xstream | before 1.4.18-3.14.1 | 1.4.18-3.14.1 |
Same product
xstream: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2021-39144XStream is vulnerable to a Remote Command Execution attackKEV93Now
- CVE-2019-10173It was found that xstream API version 1.4.10 before 1.4.11 introduced a regression for a previous deserialization flaw.68This week
- CVE-2013-7285Xstream API versions up to 1.4.6 and version 1.4.10, if the security framework has not been initialized, may allow a remote attacker to run 64This week
Published before and after this one in the same product
- ← EarlierCVE-2021-39148Aug 23, 2021 · XStream is vulnerable to an Arbitrary Code Execution attack35Monitor
- ← EarlierCVE-2021-39149Aug 23, 2021 · XStream is vulnerable to an Arbitrary Code Execution attack35Monitor
- Later →CVE-2021-39153Aug 23, 2021 · XStream is vulnerable to an Arbitrary Code Execution attack35Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| debian:libxstream-java | 1.4.18-1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| Maven:com.thoughtworks.xstream:xstream | 1.4.18 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:xstream | 1.4.18-lp152.2.12.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.2 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:xstream | 0:1.3.1-16.el7_9 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:xstream-javadoc | 0:1.3.1-16.el7_9 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::client | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:xstream | 1.4.18-3.14.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Development Tools 15 SP2 | Package registry (OSV) |
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
No known public program.
Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).
National notice (Türkiye Cybersecurity Directorate / USOM)
Official security notices citing this record; remediation advice is on the agency's page.
- TR-22-0143 · Feb 15, 2022(RedHat Güvenlik Güncellemesi)
- TR-21-0989 · Dec 13, 2021(IBM Güvenlik Bildirimi)
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
- A low-privileged account is enough.
- No user action is required.
- Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- high · data can be read
- Integrity
- high · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- high · the service can be disrupted
Impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component (scope changes).
- Attack vector
- Network
- Attack complexity
- High
- Privileges required
- Low
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Changed
- Confidentiality impact
- High
- Integrity impact
- High
- Availability impact
- High
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-434 · Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous TypeCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
nvd-primary
Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
ATT&CK techniques
Change log
- SSVC exploitation— → none
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
Show all references (9 more)Show less
- lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/09/msg00017.html
- lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/22KVR6B5IZP3BGQ3HPWIO2FWWCKT3DHP/
- lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/PVPHZA7VW2RRSDCOIPP2W6O5ND254TU7/
- lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QGXIU3YDPG6OGTDHMBLAFN7BPBERXREB/
- security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210923-0003/
- www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5004
- www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html
- www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2022.html
- www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2022.html
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.