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NVD / CVE Program· CNA Samsung Mobile

CVE-2021-25489: Assuming radio permission is gained, missing input validation in modem interface driver prior to SMR Oct-2021 Release 1 results in format st

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Plan (action score 52/100)

  • CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild (Jun 29, 2023). Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Jul 20, 2023.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.53% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.
  • Severity is disputed: the assigning authority (CNA) scores it 3.3, NVD 5.5.

Add it to your regular patch cycle. Update when a fix is released; follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · CISA KEV · FIRST EPSS

Assuming radio permission is gained, missing input validation in modem interface driver prior to SMR Oct-2021 Release 1 results in format string bug leading to kernel panic.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.1KEVWeaponized No fix recorded
Published
Oct 6, 2021
Updated
Jun 16, 2026
EPSS
0.5% · 45th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

52

Plan

Add it to your regular patch cycle.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.5%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation
active
Automatable
no
Technical impact
partial

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

CNA vs NVD score

NVD
5.5
CNA · Samsung Mobile
3.3
2.2 point gap

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

The score given by the assigning authority versus NVD’s independent score. A gap means the severity is contested.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Jun 29, 2023. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Jul 20, 2023.

Get told when this record changes

  • In CISA KEV: exploitation in the wild confirmed
  • Weaponized exploit exists
  • No fixed version yet

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2021-25489

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
samsungandroid

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • samsung android10.0
  • samsung android11.0
  • samsung android8.1
  • samsung android9.0

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (Samsung Mobile). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

  • Samsung Mobile Samsung Mobile Devices

    • O(8.1), P(9.0), Q(10.0), R(11.0) and later · before SMR Oct-2021 Release 1affected

Same product

samsung: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2025-21042Out-of-bounds write in libimagecodec.quram.so prior to SMR Apr-2025 Release 1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code.KEV
    80Now
  • CVE-2025-21043Out-of-bounds write in libimagecodec.quram.so prior to SMR Sep-2025 Release 1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code.KEV
    70This week
  • CVE-2021-25487Lack of boundary checking of a buffer in set_skb_priv() of modem interface driver prior to SMR Oct-2021 Release 1 allows OOB read and it resKEV
    61This week

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2021-25394Jun 11, 2021 · A use after free vulnerability via race condition in MFC charger driver prior to SMR MAY-2021 Release 1 allows arbitrary write given a radioKEV
    55Plan
  • ← EarlierCVE-2021-25395Jun 11, 2021 · A race condition in MFC charger driver prior to SMR MAY-2021 Release 1 allows local attackers to bypass signature check given a radio privilKEV
    55Plan
  • Later →CVE-2023-21420Feb 9, 2023 · Use of Externally-Controlled Format String vulnerabilities in STST TA prior to SMR Jan-2023 Release 1 allows arbitrary code execution.
    31Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

  1. Published
  2. CISA KEV+630 d
  3. TodayNov 7, 2026+1858 d

No history yet (it accumulates with the daily EPSS job).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
none
Integrity
none
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
None
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-20 · Improper Input Validation

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

Show all references (1 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records