Bluetooth LE and BR/EDR secure pairing in Bluetooth Core Specification 2.1 through 5.2 may permit a nearby man-in-the-middle attacker to ide
Bluetooth LE and BR/EDR secure pairing in Bluetooth Core Specification 2.1 through 5.2 may permit a nearby man-in-the-middle attacker to identify the Passkey used during pairing (in the Passkey authentication procedure) by reflection of the public key and the authentication evidence of the initiating device, potentially permitting this attacker to complete authenticated pairing with the responding device using the correct Passkey for the pairing session. The attack methodology determines the Passkey value one bit at a time.
- BDU:2021-05198
- DLA-2689-1
- DLA-2690-1
- DLA-2692-1
- DSA-4951-1
- openSUSE-SU-2021:2184-1
- openSUSE-SU-2021:2202-1
- openSUSE-SU-2021:2291-1
- openSUSE-SU-2021:2427-1
- RHSA-2021:4432
- SUSE-SU-2021:2184-1
- SUSE-SU-2021:2202-1
- SUSE-SU-2021:2291-1
- SUSE-SU-2021:2303-1
- SUSE-SU-2021:2321-1
- SUSE-SU-2021:2324-1
- SUSE-SU-2021:2325-1
- SUSE-SU-2021:2349-1
- SUSE-SU-2021:2406-1
- SUSE-SU-2021:2421-1
Noroxi analysis
No Noroxi analysis for this record yet
We don't hand-write analysis for the hundreds of thousands of vulnerabilities in the database; that wouldn't be honest. For notable, high-impact vulnerabilities our team writes the mechanism, detection and remediation steps.
We use this product, ask for help- Published
- May 24, 2021
- Updated
- Jun 16, 2026
- EPSS
- 0.9% · 57th percentile
- CWE
- CWE-287
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Report tools
Action score
16
Monitor
Low priority for now.
- CVSS
- 16 / 40 · 4.2 / 10
- CISA KEV
- 0 / 30 · Not listed
- EPSS
- 0 / 30 · 0.9%
Affected systems
| Vendor | Product | CPE |
|---|---|---|
| bluetooth | bluetooth core specification | cpe:2.3:a:bluetooth:bluetooth_core_specification |
| fedoraproject | fedora | cpe:2.3:o:fedoraproject:fedora |
| debian | debian linux | cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux |
| linux | linux kernel | cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel |
| intel | ax210 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:intel:ax210_firmware |
| intel | ax210 | cpe:2.3:h:intel:ax210 |
| intel | ax201 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:intel:ax201_firmware |
| intel | ax201 | cpe:2.3:h:intel:ax201 |
| intel | ax200 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:intel:ax200_firmware |
| intel | ax200 | cpe:2.3:h:intel:ax200 |
| intel | ac 9560 firmware | cpe:2.3:o:intel:ac_9560_firmware |
| intel | ac 9560 | cpe:2.3:h:intel:ac_9560 |
and 22 more
Affected versions
NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.
- bluetooth bluetooth core specification2.1 and later · up to 5.2 inclusive
- debian debian linux9.0
- fedoraproject fedora34
- intel ac 1550 firmwareall versions
- intel ac 3165 firmwareall versions
- intel ac 3168 firmwareall versions
- intel ac 7265 firmwareall versions
- intel ac 8260 firmwareall versions
- intel ac 8265 firmwareall versions
- intel ac 9260 firmwareall versions
- intel ac 9461 firmwareall versions
- intel ac 9462 firmwareall versions
- intel ac 9560 firmwareall versions
- intel ax1650 firmwareall versions
- intel ax1675 firmwareall versions
- intel ax200 firmwareall versions
- intel ax201 firmwareall versions
- intel ax210 firmwareall versions
- linux linux kernelbefore 5.13
Package-level exposure
OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.
| Ecosystem | Package | Affected range | Fix |
|---|---|---|---|
| Debian:10 | bluez | before 5.50-1.2~deb10u2 | 5.50-1.2~deb10u2 |
| Debian:12 | bluez | before 5.55-3.1 | 5.55-3.1 |
| Debian:12 | linux | before 5.10.40-1 | 5.10.40-1 |
| Debian:9 | bluez | before 5.43-2+deb9u4 | 5.43-2+deb9u4 |
| Debian:9 | linux | before 4.9.272-1 | 4.9.272-1 |
| Debian:9 | linux-4.19 | before 4.19.194-1~deb9u1 | 4.19.194-1~deb9u1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | bluez | before 5.55-3.3.1 | 5.55-3.3.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-64kb | before 5.3.18-59.10.1 | 5.3.18-59.10.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-azure | before 5.3.18-38.8.1 | 5.3.18-38.8.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-debug | before 5.3.18-59.10.1 | 5.3.18-59.10.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-debug | before 4.12.14-197.99.1 | 4.12.14-197.99.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-default | before 4.12.14-197.99.1 | 4.12.14-197.99.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-default | before 5.3.18-59.10.1 | 5.3.18-59.10.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-default-base | before 5.3.18-59.10.1.18.4.2 | 5.3.18-59.10.1.18.4.2 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-docs | before 5.3.18-59.10.1 | 5.3.18-59.10.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-kvmsmall | before 5.3.18-59.10.1 | 5.3.18-59.10.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-kvmsmall | before 4.12.14-197.99.1 | 4.12.14-197.99.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-obs-build | before 5.3.18-59.10.1 | 5.3.18-59.10.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-obs-qa | before 5.3.18-59.10.1 | 5.3.18-59.10.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-preempt | before 5.3.18-59.10.1 | 5.3.18-59.10.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-source | before 5.3.18-59.10.1 | 5.3.18-59.10.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-source-azure | before 5.3.18-38.8.1 | 5.3.18-38.8.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-syms | before 5.3.18-59.10.1 | 5.3.18-59.10.1 |
| openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | kernel-syms-azure | before 5.3.18-38.8.1 | 5.3.18-38.8.1 |
+96
Same product
bluetooth: all recordsOther highest-scoring records for the same primary product.
- CVE-2022-25837Bluetooth® Pairing in Bluetooth Core Specification v1.0B through v5.3 may permit an unauthenticated MITM to acquire credentials with two pai30Monitor
- CVE-2022-25836Bluetooth® Low Energy Pairing in Bluetooth Core Specification v4.0 through v5.3 may permit an unauthenticated MITM to acquire credentials wi30Monitor
- CVE-2020-26556Mesh Provisioning in the Bluetooth Mesh profile 1.0 and 1.0.1 may permit a nearby device, able to conduct a successful brute-force attack on30Monitor
- CVE-2023-24023Bluetooth BR/EDR devices with Secure Simple Pairing and Secure Connections pairing in Bluetooth Core Specification 4.2 through 5.4 allow cer27Monitor
- CVE-2020-15802Devices supporting Bluetooth before 5.1 may allow man-in-the-middle attacks, aka BLURtooth.25Monitor
- CVE-2021-31615Unencrypted Bluetooth Low Energy baseband links in Bluetooth Core Specifications 4.0 through 5.2 may permit an adjacent device to inject a c21Monitor
Remediation
Which version to upgrade to
Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.
| Product / package | Fixed version | Source |
|---|---|---|
| debian:bluez | 5.55-3.1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:linux | 5.10.40-1 · Debian:12 | Package registry (OSV) |
| debian:linux-4.19 | 4.19.194-1~deb9u1 · Debian:9 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-64kb | 5.3.18-59.10.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-debug | 5.3.18-59.10.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-default | 5.3.18-59.10.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-default-base | 5.3.18-59.10.1.18.4.2 · openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-docs | 5.3.18-59.10.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-kvmsmall | 5.3.18-59.10.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-obs-build | 5.3.18-59.10.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-obs-qa | 5.3.18-59.10.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-preempt | 5.3.18-59.10.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-source | 5.3.18-59.10.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-syms | 5.3.18-59.10.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| opensuse:kernel-zfcpdump | 5.3.18-59.10.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bluez | 0:5.56-1.el8 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bluez-cups | 0:5.56-1.el8 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bluez-cups-debuginfo | 0:5.56-1.el8 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bluez-debuginfo | 0:5.56-1.el8 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bluez-debugsource | 0:5.56-1.el8 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bluez-hid2hci | 0:5.56-1.el8 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bluez-hid2hci-debuginfo | 0:5.56-1.el8 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bluez-libs | 0:5.56-1.el8 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bluez-libs-debuginfo | 0:5.56-1.el8 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bluez-libs-devel | 0:5.56-1.el8 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::crb | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bluez-obexd | 0:5.56-1.el8 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos | Package registry (OSV) |
| red hat:bluez-obexd-debuginfo | 0:5.56-1.el8 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-64kb | 5.3.18-59.10.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-azure | 5.3.18-38.8.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Public Cloud 15 SP3 | Package registry (OSV) |
| suse:kernel-default | 5.3.18-59.10.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP3 | Package registry (OSV) |
+9
Exploit status
No known public exploit
No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.
Research context
For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.
Timeline
From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.
No dated events beyond publication.
FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).
Patch and commit links
Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.
No commit or PR link among the references.
Credits
All researchersFinders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.
No credits in the CNA record.
Variant candidates
Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.
No nightly-computed relations.
Chain candidates
An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.
—
Bug bounty scope
The product’s vendor appears in a public program. Matched by name; verify the scope text in the program.
Technical details
Attack conditions
- Someone on the same network segment can trigger it.
- No account or password is required.
- No user action is required.
- Special conditions such as timing or configuration are required.
If successful
- Confidentiality
- low · data can be read
- Integrity
- low · data or configuration can be modified
- Availability
- none
- Attack vector
- Adjacent
- Attack complexity
- High
- Privileges required
- None
- User interaction
- None
- Scope
- Unchanged
- Confidentiality impact
- Low
- Integrity impact
- Low
- Availability impact
- None
Weakness class (CWE)
CWE-287 · Improper AuthenticationCVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
nvd-primary
Root cause
Authentication is added route by route instead of being enforced in one place. When a route added later bypasses the shared middleware, the session check never runs for it.
The bug in code
The whole CWE-287 classA representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.
Vulnerable
app.use("/admin", requireSession, adminRouter);
// Route added later skips the middlewareapp.post("/admin-api/config", updateConfig);Fixed
const admin = express.Router();admin.use(requireSession, requireRole("admin"));
admin.post("/config", updateConfig);app.use("/admin", admin);Attack context
MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.
Attack patterns (CAPEC)
- Authentication AbuseCAPEC-114Medium
- Authentication BypassCAPEC-115Medium
- Identity SpoofingCAPEC-151likelihood: Medium · Medium
- Fake the Source of DataCAPEC-194Medium
- Exploiting Trust in ClientCAPEC-22likelihood: High · High
- Utilizing REST's Trust in the System Resource to Obtain Sensitive DataCAPEC-57likelihood: Medium · Very High
- Session HijackingCAPEC-593likelihood: High · Very High
- Token ImpersonationCAPEC-633Medium
ATT&CK techniques
Change log
- Fix✗ → ✓
For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →
References
- kb.cert.org/vuls/id/799380
- lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/06/msg00019.html
- lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/06/msg00020.html
- lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/06/msg00022.html
- lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce%40lists.fedoraproject.org/message/NSS6CTGE4UGTJLCOZOASDR3T3SLL6QJZ/
- security.gentoo.org/glsa/202209-16
- www.bluetooth.com/learn-about-bluetooth/key-attributes/bluetooth-security/reporting-security/
- www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4951
- www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00517.html
- www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00520.html
- www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/799380
Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.