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NVD / CVE Program· CNA mitre

CVE-2019-19577: An issue was discovered in Xen through 4.12.x allowing x86 AMD HVM guest OS users to cause a denial of service or possibly gain privileges b

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 28/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.52% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Physical access to the device is required. Administrator privileges are required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: xen (Alpine:v3.10) 4.12.2-r0; xen (Alpine:v3.11) 4.13.0-r0; xen (Alpine:v3.8) 4.10.4-r2.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to xen (Alpine:v3.10) 4.12.2-r0; xen (Alpine:v3.11) 4.13.0-r0; xen (Alpine:v3.8) 4.10.4-r2 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

An issue was discovered in Xen through 4.12.x allowing x86 AMD HVM guest OS users to cause a denial of service or possibly gain privileges by triggering data-structure access during pagetable-height updates. When running on AMD systems with an IOMMU, Xen attempted to dynamically adapt the number of levels of pagetables (the pagetable height) in the IOMMU according to the guest's address space size. The code to select and update the height had several bugs. Notably, the update was done without taking a lock which is necessary for safe operation. A malicious guest administrator can cause Xen to access data structures while they are being modified, causing Xen to crash. Privilege escalation is thought to be very difficult but cannot be ruled out. Additionally, there is a potential memory leak of 4kb per guest boot, under memory pressure. Only Xen on AMD CPUs is vulnerable. Xen running on Intel CPUs is not vulnerable. ARM systems are not vulnerable. Only systems where guests are given direct access to physical devices are vulnerable. Systems which do not use PCI pass-through are not vulnerable. Only HVM guests can exploit the vulnerability. PV and PVH guests cannot. All versions of Xen with IOMMU support are vulnerable.

HighCVSS 7.2 · v3.1—No exploit Fix available
Published
Dec 11, 2019
Updated
Jun 16, 2026
EPSS
0.5% · 44th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

28

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
28 / 40 · 7.2 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.5%

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

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When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
xenxen
fedoraprojectfedora

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • fedoraproject fedora31
  • xen xenup to 4.12.1 inclusive

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Alpine:v3.10xenbefore 4.12.2-r04.12.2-r0
Alpine:v3.11xenbefore 4.13.0-r04.13.0-r0
Alpine:v3.8xenbefore 4.10.4-r24.10.4-r2
Alpine:v3.9xenbefore 4.11.3-r14.11.3-r1
Debian:10xenbefore 4.11.3+24-g14b62ab3e5-1~deb10u14.11.3+24-g14b62ab3e5-1~deb10u1
Debian:12xenbefore 4.11.3+24-g14b62ab3e5-14.11.3+24-g14b62ab3e5-1
Debian:9xenbefore 4.8.5.final+shim4.10.4-1+deb9u124.8.5.final+shim4.10.4-1+deb9u12
openSUSE:Leap 15.1xenbefore 4.12.1_06-lp151.2.9.14.12.1_06-lp151.2.9.1
SUSE:HPE Helion OpenStack 8xenbefore 4.9.4_06-3.59.14.9.4_06-3.59.1
SUSE:HPE Helion OpenStack 8xenbefore 4.9.4_06-3.62.14.9.4_06-3.62.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Desktop 12 SP4xenbefore 4.11.3_02-2.20.14.11.3_02-2.20.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15xenbefore 4.10.4_08-3.28.14.10.4_08-3.28.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Module for Basesystem 15 SP1xenbefore 4.12.1_06-3.9.14.12.1_06-3.9.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4-LTSSxenbefore 4.4.4_42-61.52.14.4.4_42-61.52.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server for SAP Applications 12 SP1xenbefore 4.5.5_28-22.64.14.5.5_28-22.64.1
SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP5xenbefore 4.12.1_10-3.8.14.12.1_10-3.8.1
SUSE:OpenStack Cloud 7xenbefore 4.7.6_06-43.59.14.7.6_06-43.59.1

Same product

xen: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

  • CVE-2017-10921The grant-table feature in Xen through 4.8.x does not ensure sufficient type counts for a GNTMAP_device_map and GNTMAP_host_map mapping, whi
    41Plan
  • CVE-2017-10920The grant-table feature in Xen through 4.8.x mishandles a GNTMAP_device_map and GNTMAP_host_map mapping, when followed by only a GNTMAP_host
    41Plan
  • CVE-2017-10918Xen through 4.8.x does not validate memory allocations during certain P2M operations, which allows guest OS users to obtain privileged host
    41Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2019-18425Oct 31, 2019 · An issue was discovered in Xen through 4.12.x allowing 32-bit PV guest OS users to gain guest OS privileges by installing and using descript
    40Plan
  • ← EarlierCVE-2019-19579Dec 4, 2019 · An issue was discovered in Xen through 4.12.x allowing attackers to gain host OS privileges via DMA in a situation where an untrusted domain
    27Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2019-19578Dec 11, 2019 · An issue was discovered in Xen through 4.12.x allowing x86 PV guest OS users to cause a denial of service via degenerate chains of linear pa
    35Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
alpine:xen4.12.2-r0 · Alpine:v3.10Package registry (OSV)
debian:xen4.11.3+24-g14b62ab3e5-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
opensuse:xen4.12.1_06-lp151.2.9.1 · openSUSE:Leap 15.1Package registry (OSV)
suse:xen4.12.1_10-3.8.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 12 SP5Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Physical access to the device is required.
  • Administrator privileges are required.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability
high · the service can be disrupted

Impact can extend beyond the vulnerable component (scope changes).

Attack vector
Physical
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
High
User interaction
None
Scope
Changed
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
High
Availability impact
High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-401 · Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

MITRE has no CAPEC/ATT&CK mapping for this CWE.

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

Show all references (6 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records