CVE-2019-1388· NVD / CVE Program· CNA microsoft

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in the Windows Certificate Dialog when it does not properly enforce user privileges, aka 'Win

Noroxi assessment

Priority: This week (action score 64/100)

CISA has confirmed exploitation in the wild (Apr 7, 2023); it is known to be used in ransomware campaigns. Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Apr 28, 2023.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 8.5% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 95% of all records.
Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window. Until a fix is released, restrict access to the affected component and follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · CISA KEV · FIRST EPSS

An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in the Windows Certificate Dialog when it does not properly enforce user privileges, aka 'Windows Certificate Dialog Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability'.

HighCVSS 7.8 · v3.1KEVWeaponized No fix recorded

Local privilege escalation

BDU:2019-04826

Published: Nov 12, 2019
Updated: Jun 16, 2026
EPSS: 8.5% · 95th percentile
CWE: CWE-269

Report tools

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Action score

This week

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window.

CVSS: 31 / 40 · 7.8 / 10
CISA KEV: 30 / 30 · Listed
EPSS: 3 / 30 · 8.5%

CISA SSVC decision

Exploitation: active
Automatable: no
Technical impact: total

Vulnrichment: CISA's decision-tree inputs.

Actively exploited in the wild

CISA added this to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on Apr 7, 2023. That signals real attacks, not theory.

Remediation deadline for US federal agencies: Apr 28, 2023.

Known to be used in ransomware campaigns.

Get told when this record changes

In CISA KEV: exploitation in the wild confirmed
Weaponized exploit exists
No fixed version yet

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
microsoft	windows 10 1507	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507
microsoft	windows 10 1607	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607
microsoft	windows 10 1709	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1709
microsoft	windows 10 1803	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1803
microsoft	windows 10 1809	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809
microsoft	windows 10 1903	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1903
microsoft	windows 7	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_7
microsoft	windows 8.1	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_8.1
microsoft	windows rt 8.1	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_rt_8.1
microsoft	windows server 1903	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_1903
microsoft	windows server 2008	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008
microsoft	windows server 2012	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012

and 2 more

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

microsoft windows server 1903all versions
microsoft windows server 2008all versions
microsoft windows server 2008r2
microsoft windows server 2012all versions
microsoft windows server 2012r2
microsoft windows server 2016all versions
microsoft windows server 20161803
microsoft windows server 2019all versions

Versions reported by the vendor

Affected version ranges reported by the assigning authority (microsoft). Independent of NVD's CPE analysis and usually ahead of it.

Microsoft Windows
- 7 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 1, 7 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1, 8.1 for 32-bit systems, 8.1 for x64-based systems, RT 8.1, 10 for 32-bit Systems, 10 for x64-based Systems, 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems, 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems, 10 Version 1709 for 32-bit Systems, 10 Version 1709 for x64-based Systems, 10 Version 1803 for 32-bit Systems … (+6)affected
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1903 for 32-bit Systems
- unspecifiedaffected
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1903 for ARM64-based Systems
- unspecifiedaffected
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1903 for x64-based Systems
- unspecifiedaffected
Microsoft Windows Server
- 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Core installation), 2008 R2 for Itanium-Based Systems Service Pack 1, 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1, 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2 (Core installation), 2012, 2012 (Core installation), 2012 R2, 2012 R2 (Core installation), 2016, 2016 (Core installation), version 1803 (Core Installation), 2019 … (+5)affected
Microsoft Windows Server, version 1903 (Server Core installation)
- unspecifiedaffected

Same product

microsoft: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2021-34527Windows Print Spooler Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV
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CVE-2021-40444Microsoft MSHTML Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV
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CVE-2025-33053Internet Shortcut Files Remote Code Execution VulnerabilityKEV
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Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2019-1214Sep 11, 2019 · An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when the Windows Common Log File System (CLFS) driver improperly handles objects in memory, aKEV
61This week
← EarlierCVE-2019-1215Sep 11, 2019 · An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists in the way that ws2ifsl.sys (Winsock) handles objects in memory, aka 'Windows Elevation of PrKEV
67This week
Later →CVE-2019-1405Nov 12, 2019 · An elevation of privilege vulnerability exists when the Windows Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) service improperly allows COM object creationKEV
70This week

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Evidence

Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub ×6

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
Source	Kind	Date
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:193	2019-11-21
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:0	2019-11-21
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:72	2019-11-27
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:20	2021-05-05
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:7	2021-06-07
Proof-of-concept repository on GitHub	stars:1	2026-07-22

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

PublishedNov 12, 2019
First PoCNov 21, 2019+8 d
CISA KEVApr 7, 2023+1241 d
TodayOct 23, 2026+2537 d

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
A low-privileged account is enough.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Local
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: Low
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-269 · Improper Privilege Management

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

To simplify setup, a service account is granted broad, cluster-wide permissions. The principle of least privilege is skipped during installation.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-269 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

yaml

1kind: ClusterRole
2rules:
3  - apiGroups: ["*"]
4    resources: ["*"]
5    verbs: ["*"]

Fixed

yaml

1kind: Role
2metadata:
3  namespace: lodos-system
4rules:
5  - apiGroups: ["apps"]
6    resources: ["deployments"]
7    verbs: ["get", "list", "update"]

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

Abuse Elevation Control MechanismT1548

Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

References

portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2019-1388

Show all references (2 more)

Vendor advisories and official records. Exploit/PoC links are deliberately left out.

All records