CVE-2019-12928· NVD / CVE Program· CNA mitre

The QMP migrate command in QEMU version 4.0.0 and earlier is vulnerable to OS command injection, which allows the remote attacker to achieve

Noroxi assessment

Priority: This week (action score 60/100)

A ready-made attack module is public (Metasploit); exploiting it takes no special expertise.
A ready-made attack tool exists and the flaw can be exploited over the network without an account, so priority is at least “This week”.
Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 23% (FIRST EPSS); higher than 97.7% of all records.
Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it. No account or password is required. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
According to the record, no fixed version is available yet.

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window. Until a fix is released, restrict access to the affected component and follow the vendor's advisory.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

The QMP migrate command in QEMU version 4.0.0 and earlier is vulnerable to OS command injection, which allows the remote attacker to achieve code execution, denial of service, or information disclosure by sending a crafted QMP command to the listening server. Note: This has been disputed as a non-issue since QEMU's -qmp interface is meant to be used by trusted users. If one is able to access this interface via a tcp socket open to the internet, then it is an insecure configuration issue

CriticalCVSS 9.8 · v3.0—Weaponized No fix recorded

Published: Jun 24, 2019
Updated: Jun 16, 2026
EPSS: 23.0% · 97th percentile
CWE: CWE-78

Report tools

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Action score

This week

Don’t wait for the next maintenance window.

CVSS: 39 / 40 · 9.8 / 10
CISA KEV: 0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS: 7 / 30 · 23.0%
Ready-made attack tool: 14 / 60 · floor: at least 60

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Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
Weaponized exploit exists
No fixed version yet

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

Vendor	Product	CPE
qemu	qemu	cpe:2.3:a:qemu:qemu

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

qemu qemuup to 4.0.0 inclusive

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

Ecosystem	Package	Affected range	Fix
Debian:12	qemu	from 0	—

Same product

qemu: all records

Other highest-scoring records for the same primary product.

CVE-2015-8556Local privilege escalation vulnerability in the Gentoo QEMU package before 2.5.0-r1.
44Plan
CVE-2017-15118A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability was found in NBD server implementation in qemu before 2.11 allowing a client to request an expor
43Plan
CVE-2022-36648The hardware emulation in the of_dpa_cmd_add_l2_flood of rocker device model in QEMU, as used in 7.0.0 and earlier, allows remote attackers
41Plan

Published before and after this one in the same product

← EarlierCVE-2018-20815May 31, 2019 · In QEMU 3.1.0, load_device_tree in device_tree.c calls the deprecated load_image function, which has a buffer overflow risk.
40Plan
← EarlierCVE-2019-9824Jun 3, 2019 · tcp_emu in slirp/tcp_subr.c (aka slirp/src/tcp_subr.c) in QEMU 3.0.0 uses uninitialized data in an snprintf call, leading to Information dis
22Monitor
Later →CVE-2019-12929Jun 24, 2019 · The QMP guest_exec command in QEMU 4.0.0 and earlier is prone to OS command injection, which allows the attacker to achieve code execution,
40Plan

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

No fix version is recorded for this entry. Check the references for vendor advisories.

Exploit status

Weaponized

A ready exploit tool or active in-the-wild use is known for this vulnerability. This should be your top priority.

Evidence

Metasploit module ×1

Noroxi does not host or link to exploit code. Metasploit module names and Nuclei template ids are shown (names, not code); Exploit-DB entries and PoC repositories are given as counts only.

Public exploit evidence
Source	Kind	Date
Metasploit module	exploit/multi/misc/qemu_monitor_hmp_migrate_cmd_execQEMU Monitor HMP 'migrate' Command Executionexploit	2011-12-02

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

MetasploitDec 2, 2011-2761 d
PublishedJun 24, 2019
TodayOct 22, 2026+2677 d

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

No commit or PR link among the references.

Credits

All researchers

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

Anyone who can reach it over the internet can trigger it.
No account or password is required.
No user action is required.
No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality: high · data can be read
Integrity: high · data or configuration can be modified
Availability: high · the service can be disrupted

Attack vector: Network
Attack complexity: Low
Privileges required: None
User interaction: None
Scope: Unchanged
Confidentiality impact: High
Integrity impact: High
Availability impact: High

Weakness class (CWE)

CWE-78 · Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

nvd-primary

Root cause

User input is inserted as text into a shell command. The shell may interpret special characters in the input as part of the command.

The bug in code

The whole CWE-78 class

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

1const host = req.body.host;2exec("ping -c 1 " + host, onResult);

Fixed

1const host = req.body.host;2if (!/^[a-z0-9.-]{1,253}$/i.test(host)) return res.sendStatus(400);3execFile("ping", ["-c", "1", host], onResult);

Attack context

MITRE CAPEC attack patterns and ATT&CK techniques for this weakness class (CWE). A starting point for detection rules and threat hunting.

Attack patterns (CAPEC)

ATT&CK techniques

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Change log

No changes recorded on tracked fields yet. Score, KEV, exploit maturity and fix status changes appear here.

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