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CVE-2018-15594· NVD / CVE Program· CNA mitre

arch/x86/kernel/paravirt.c in the Linux kernel before 4.18.1 mishandles certain indirect calls, which makes it easier for attackers to condu

Noroxi assessment

Priority: Monitor (action score 22/100)

  • The sources we track (CISA KEV, Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei, GitHub) show no public exploit code or exploitation in the wild.
  • Probability of exploitation in the next 30 days: 0.55% (FIRST EPSS).
  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it. A low-privileged account is enough. No user action is required. No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.
  • Fixed version: linux (Debian:12) 4.17.15-1; linux-4.9 (Debian:8) 4.9.110-3+deb9u5~deb8u1; linux (Debian:9) 4.9.110-3+deb9u5.

Low priority for now. Upgrade to linux (Debian:12) 4.17.15-1; linux-4.9 (Debian:8) 4.9.110-3+deb9u5~deb8u1; linux (Debian:9) 4.9.110-3+deb9u5 or later.

Generated automatically from the record's data: CVSS (NVD and CNA), CISA KEV and SSVC, FIRST EPSS, exploit sources, fixed versions. How we calculate it

Primary sources: NVD · CVE.org · FIRST EPSS

arch/x86/kernel/paravirt.c in the Linux kernel before 4.18.1 mishandles certain indirect calls, which makes it easier for attackers to conduct Spectre-v2 attacks against paravirtual guests.

MediumCVSS 5.5 · v3.0—No exploit Fix available
Published
Aug 20, 2018
Updated
Jun 16, 2026
EPSS
0.5% · 44th percentile

Report tools

JSON

Action score

22

Monitor

Low priority for now.

CVSS
22 / 40 · 5.5 / 10
CISA KEV
0 / 30 · Not listed
EPSS
0 / 30 · 0.5%

Get told when this record changes

  • Not in KEV: no record of exploitation in the wild
  • No public exploit code on record
  • A fix has been released

If any of these changes, we'll tell you in the daily email digest.

Follow CVE-2018-15594

When you'll hear from us

  • when it enters CISA KEV
  • when exploit code appears or is weaponized
  • when the record is updated (including a fixed version)
  • when EPSS rises 20 points in a week

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Noroxi analysis

What does it mean in your environment?

The assessment above is generated automatically from the record's data; it doesn't know your environment. Our team verifies on your systems whether this vulnerability is actually exploitable and which mitigation is enough.

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Affected systems

Is your version affected?

Pick the product and type the version you run. It's compared with this record's version ranges in your browser; the version isn't sent anywhere.

VendorProduct
linuxlinux kernel
debiandebian linux
canonicalubuntu linux

Affected versions

NVD version ranges (for catalog products). Add the product to your stack with a version and matching uses these.

  • canonical ubuntu linux12.04
  • canonical ubuntu linux14.04
  • canonical ubuntu linux16.04
  • canonical ubuntu linux18.04
  • debian debian linux8.0
  • debian debian linux9.0
  • linux linux kernelbefore 4.18.1

Package-level exposure

OSV and GitHub Advisory data: ecosystem, package and range. SBOM matching uses this table.

EcosystemPackageAffected rangeFix
Debian:12linuxbefore 4.17.15-14.17.15-1
Debian:8linux-4.9before 4.9.110-3+deb9u5~deb8u14.9.110-3+deb9u5~deb8u1
Debian:9linuxbefore 4.9.110-3+deb9u54.9.110-3+deb9u5
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientbpftoolbefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientbpftool-debuginfobefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernelbefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-abi-whitelistsbefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-debugbefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-debug-debuginfobefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-debug-develbefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-debuginfobefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-debuginfo-common-x86_64before 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-develbefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-docbefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-toolsbefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-tools-debuginfobefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-tools-libsbefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientkernel-tools-libs-develbefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientperfbefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientperf-debuginfobefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpython-perfbefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientpython-perf-debuginfobefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::serverkernel-bootwrapperbefore 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7
Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::serverkernel-debuginfo-common-ppc64before 0:3.10.0-1062.el70:3.10.0-1062.el7

+47

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Published before and after this one in the same product

  • ← EarlierCVE-2018-7754Aug 10, 2018 · The aoedisk_debugfs_show function in drivers/block/aoe/aoeblk.c in the Linux kernel through 4.16.4rc4 allows local users to obtain sensitive
    22Monitor
  • ← EarlierCVE-2018-15572Aug 19, 2018 · The spectre_v2_select_mitigation function in arch/x86/kernel/cpu/bugs.c in the Linux kernel before 4.18.1 does not always fill RSB upon a co
    26Monitor
  • Later →CVE-2018-10938Aug 27, 2018 · A flaw was found in the Linux kernel present since v4.0-rc1 and through v4.13-rc4.
    24Monitor

Remediation

Which version to upgrade to

Fix versions compiled from the vendor, package registries and Microsoft. Verify the vendor's note before upgrading.

Product / packageFixed versionSource
debian:linux4.17.15-1 · Debian:12Package registry (OSV)
debian:linux-4.94.9.110-3+deb9u5~deb8u1 · Debian:8Package registry (OSV)
red hat:bpftool0:3.10.0-1062.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:bpftool-debuginfo0:3.10.0-1062.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel0:3.10.0-1062.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-abi-whitelists0:3.10.0-1062.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug0:3.10.0-1062.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug-debuginfo0:3.10.0-1062.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debug-devel0:3.10.0-1062.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debuginfo0:3.10.0-1062.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-debuginfo-common-x86_640:3.10.0-1062.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-devel0:3.10.0-1062.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-doc0:3.10.0-1062.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
red hat:kernel-tools0:3.10.0-1062.el7 · Red Hat:enterprise_linux:7::clientPackage registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-bigmem3.0.101-108.71.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-default3.0.101-108.71.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-docs3.0.101-108.71.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Software Development Kit 11 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-ec23.0.101-108.71.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-pae3.0.101-108.71.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-ppc643.0.101-108.71.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-source3.0.101-108.71.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-syms3.0.101-108.71.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-trace3.0.101-108.71.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kernel-xen3.0.101-108.71.1 · SUSE:Linux Enterprise Server 11 SP4Package registry (OSV)
suse:kgraft-patch-SLE12-SP2_Update_251-3.4.1 · SUSE:OpenStack Cloud 7Package registry (OSV)
suse:lttng-modules2.7.1-9.6.1 · SUSE:OpenStack Cloud 7Package registry (OSV)

Exploit status

No known public exploit

No public exploit has been observed yet. That doesn't mean you're safe, only that the bar is a little higher.

Research context

For pentesters and researchers: attack profile, score disagreement, timeline, patch commits, credits, variant and chain candidates, bug bounty scope. All derived from existing data; no exploit code.

Timeline

From publication to today: proof of concept, Metasploit module, CISA KEV and fix record. Dates are as reported by the sources.

No dated events beyond publication.

EPSS, last 120 days

FIRST EPSS daily score; only changes of 0.01 or more are recorded (step chart).

Patch and commit links

Commit, PR and diff links among the references. A starting point for patch-diffing and variant hunting; fixes, not exploits.

Finders, reporters and analysts named in the CNA record. Click a name for that researcher’s other records.

No credits in the CNA record.

Variant candidates

Same product, same weakness class, within 18 months. If the patch missed the root cause, the sibling bug is here.

No nightly-computed relations.

Chain candidates

An authentication bypass and a privilege-requiring bug in the same product, published close together: combined they may become an unauthenticated path.

—

Bug bounty scope

No known public program.

Source: bounty-targets-data (public HackerOne, Bugcrowd, Intigriti, YesWeHack listings).

Technical details

Attack conditions

  • Someone with local access to the system can trigger it.
  • A low-privileged account is enough.
  • No user action is required.
  • No special conditions are required; it is repeatable.

If successful

Confidentiality
high · data can be read
Integrity
none
Availability
none
Attack vector
Local
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
Low
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality impact
High
Integrity impact
None
Availability impact
None

CVSS vector

CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

nvd-primary

Root cause

The extension requests broader permissions than its function needs and sends the data it collects out for purposes beyond its stated function.

A representative example of this vulnerability class. Not the vendor's source code; it shows the faulty pattern and its fix.

Vulnerable

json
{  "permissions": ["tabs", "<all_urls>"],  "background": { "service_worker": "analytics.js" }}

Fixed

json
{  "permissions": ["activeTab"],  "host_permissions": ["https://yildiz.example/*"]}

Change log

  1. Fix✗ → ✓

For records you follow, these changes also arrive as notifications. →

References

All records